Term
|
Definition
| ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| levofloxacin, gemifloxacin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin |
|
|
Term
| urinary tract antibiotics |
|
Definition
| methenamine mandelate, methenamine hippurate, nitrofurantoin |
|
|
Term
| the initial fluroquinoline to be marketed in this country |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fluoroquinolones are similar in structure to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most widely employed fluroquinolones |
|
Definition
| levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin |
|
|
Term
| mainly used for treatment of urinary tract and respiratory tract infections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interfere with bacterial dna replication, transcription, and repair through inhibition of dna gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhibition of topoisemerase IV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fluroquinolones induce bacterial cell death by |
|
Definition
| evoking cleavage of bacterial dna |
|
|
Term
| most commonly prescribed second generation fluoroquinolone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ciprofloxacin common indications |
|
Definition
| UTIs, prostatitis, RTI, bacterial conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, otitis externa |
|
|
Term
| ciprofloxacin first line agent |
|
Definition
| Ecoli, enterobacter, pseudomonas UTI, pseudomonas with CF, shigella, salmonella, campylobacter, vibrio cholera |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| UTI, prostatitis, chlamydia trachomatis, skin infections, RTI, bacterial conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers |
|
|
Term
| least active fluoroquinolone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most commonly prescribed fluoroquinolone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sinusitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, UTI, prostatitis, skin |
|
|
Term
| levofloxacin first line agent |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| generation with increased activity against anaerobes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| moxifloxacin/gatifloxacin indications |
|
Definition
| pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis, skin, bacterial conjunctivits |
|
|
Term
| % of norfloxacin absorbed orally |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| greatest oral bioavailability |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, noxifloxacin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| primary route of elimination in urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| excreted primarily in bile |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| GI intolerance, CNS, tendinitis, nephrotoxicity, cardiac fx, phototoxicity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prolonging the QT interval |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pregnancy, nursing mothers, children under 18 due to the potential for artiular cartilage erosion |
|
|
Term
| ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin may enhance serum concentrations of |
|
Definition
| theophylline, warfarin, cyclosporine |
|
|
Term
| decomposes at acidic pH to formaldehyde |
|
Definition
| methenamine mandelate/hippurate |
|
|
Term
| methenamine mandelate/hippurate given |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| methenamine mandelate/hippurate eliminated by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| methenamine mandelate/hippurate adverse fx |
|
Definition
| GI disturbances, hematuria and skin rash |
|
|
Term
| methenamine mandelate/hippurate contraindications |
|
Definition
| hepatic and renal insufficiency and with sulfonamindes |
|
|
Term
| most commonly prescribed urinary tract antiseptic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prodrug that inhibits bacterial enzymes and damages bacterial dna |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| excellent oral bioavailability |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nitrofurantoin eliminated by glomerular filtration (turns urine brown) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| renal insufficiency, neonates, and pregnancy at term |
|
|
Term
| the first member of a new class of synthetic antibiotics known as oxazolidinones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| presently employed in treatment of infections of the blood, lungs, and skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| primarily used for serious infections for which other antibiotics are ineffective |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| linezolid is used to treat |
|
Definition
| MRSA, VISA, VRSA, VRE, and MDRSP |
|
|
Term
| inhibitis bacterial protein synthesis by disrupting the initiation process necessary for protein synthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| interacts with the 23S ribosomal RNA on the 50s ribosome thereby inhibiting formation of the initiation complex and translation in gram positive bacteria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treats gram positive coccal infections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| resistance due to mutation of binding site, no cross resistance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| administered orally and i.v., 100% oral bioavailability, well distributed, oxidized in liver, excreted in urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| GI, headache, myelosuppression, reversible anemia, and thrombocytopenia |
|
|
Term
| first agents in a new class of antibiotics called streptogramins |
|
Definition
| quinupristin-dalfopristin |
|
|
Term
| first antibiotic approved for treatment of life threatening VRE infections |
|
Definition
| quinupristin-dalfopristin |
|
|
Term
| approved for VRA, MRSA, VISA and VRSA |
|
Definition
| quinupristin-dalfopristin |
|
|
Term
| synergistically inhibit bacterial protein synthesis through interaction with the bacterial ribosome |
|
Definition
| quinupristin-dalfopristin |
|
|
Term
| inhibits formation of initiation complexes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inhibits aminoacyl translocations rxns |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| treats gram positive coccal infections |
|
Definition
| quinupristin-dalfopristin |
|
|
Term
| quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance |
|
Definition
| alteration of quinupristin target site and enzymatic inactivation of dalfopristin |
|
|
Term
| administered i.v., rapidly metabolized by nonenzymatic process, doses reduced in hepatic insufficiency, excreted in feces, extended post-antibiotic effect |
|
Definition
| quinupristin-dalfopristin |
|
|
Term
| quinupristin-dalfopristin adverse fx |
|
Definition
| infusion phlebitis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, rash, muscle/joint pain, inhibits metabolism of cyclosporine, warfarm, diazepam, and cisapride |
|
|
