Term
|
Definition
| An acute Upper Respiratory infection (ie above the larynx) |
|
|
Term
| How long is flu incubation? How long do acute sx last? |
|
Definition
- 1-4 days
- lasts 3-7 days |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs and sx of Flu? |
|
Definition
- Cough
- malaise (fatigue)
- fever
- headache
- myalgia (muscle pain)
- sore throat |
|
|
Term
| When is peak transmission? |
|
Definition
| 1 day before you manifest symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Infection of nasal mucosa with discharge from the nose. |
|
|
Term
| How do you distinguish from the cold? |
|
Definition
| Cold has no fever, no malaise and no headache |
|
|
Term
| How do you prevent the flu? |
|
Definition
- Immunization of high risk population
- Immunize health care workers
- Prevent transmission
- Support immune function |
|
|
Term
| Which immunization route is Live attenuated and which is inactivated? When for men? when for women? |
|
Definition
- Live=nasal administration
- Inactivated is IM
- AM for men and PM for women. |
|
|
Term
| What are the priorities for Seasonal Flu Immunizations? |
|
Definition
- Children 6 mos-5 yrs(and their care providers
- Pregnant women
- Child care providers
- >50 yrs old |
|
|
Term
| When is the flu transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can you protect yourself and others from contracting the flu? |
|
Definition
- Hand washing
- Hands off ur face
- Alcohol based hand sanitizers
- Cover cough/sneeze
- Surgical/N95 masks
- Stay home when sick |
|
|
Term
| Which antivirals are active against A&B? When would you use the older generation antivirals that are only active against A? |
|
Definition
- Relenza
- Tamiflu (reduces complications)--If they can't take the vaccine bc of egg allergy |
|
|
Term
| What are some issues with antivirals? |
|
Definition
- Resistant viruses
- Not effective against bac
- Asthma and COPD risk w/ Relenza
- have to take daily during outbreak
- 80% efficient
- Must be taken w/in 24/48 hrs of onset to reduce severity of flu |
|
|
Term
| What are antiviral side effects? |
|
Definition
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- headache
- delirium
- anxiety
- dizziness |
|
|
Term
| What are some dietary supplements for immune function? What are two other non pharmacologic ways to support immune? |
|
Definition
- Amino acids
- linoleic acid
- VIT (A,B6, 12, C, E)
- Folic Acid
- Minerals (Zn, Cu, Fe, Se)
- Probiotic Bacteria?
--Sleep and Stress reduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acute lower respiratory tract infection in a non-hospitalized pt results from the flu |
|
|
Term
| Viral influenza pneumonia is ______ and bacterial pneumonia is ______ |
|
Definition
| Primary (vir)...secondary (bac) |
|
|
Term
| For CAP which is more common viral or bacterial? |
|
Definition
| Bacterial is 60-70% and caused primarily by streptococcus pneumoniae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cough, fatigue, aches and pains, pleuritic chest, dyspnea, fever, increased WBC, tachypnea, increased fremitus, dullness w percussion, fine crackles/coarse, rhonchi, bronchial breath sounds |
|
|
Term
| What is the pathophysiological progession of pneumonia? |
|
Definition
| organisms multiply in liquid in the alveoli, capillaries massively dialated, improve and decreased blood flow to the region, resolution alveoli macrophages jump in and lyse the debris and pushed up the bronchial tree |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common manifestation of CAP in the elderly? |
|
Definition
| If they develop acute Confusion, listness, weakness check O2 status it is probably from hypoxia r/t an infectous process |
|
|
Term
| How do you distinguish btw CAP and AECOPD? |
|
Definition
| Chest x-rays--if you see inflitrates it is more likely an indicator of pneumonia |
|
|
Term
| What is a normal amt of secretions production? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some things that can impair ciliary function? |
|
Definition
| Fluid vol deficiet, smoking, high FIO2, Drugs (atropine, anesthetics, alcohol) |
|
|
Term
| What are some nursing interventions that can improve ventilation when secretions are an issue? |
|
Definition
| Hydration, drugs to decrease mucous production, suctioning, deep breathing, incentive spirometry, split chest for post op and pain control |
|
|
Term
| When would you use chest physiotherapy? What are some percussion and vibration chest physiotherapies? |
|
Definition
| If >30mL of secretions/day. Positioning, cup and clap, devices |
|
|
Term
| Which immune cells are the "clean up crew"? How do they work? What impairs their fx? |
|
Definition
| Macrophages; phagocytosis, smoking |
|
|
Term
| How can you prevent the spread of respiratory infection? |
|
Definition
| Private room, pt masked and gowned before leaving room, care givers glove/gown |
|
|
