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Floriculture Questions
past floriculture test questions!!!
171
Agriculture
Not Applicable
09/18/2014

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Term
Honeydew on the leaves and ants crawling around a plant indicate
Definition
Aphids:
Term
Fertilization in a flower takes place when:
Definition
A sperm and egg unite
Term
Vase life is the length of time that:
Definition
Cut flowers usually remain acceptable
Term
If a hue is diluted with gray, the resulting color is called:
Definition
Tone
Term
The order of the elements in a 5-10-5 fertilizer analysis is:
Definition
NPK
Term
If a flower arrangement appears to be ready to fall over, it lacks:
Definition
Balance
Term
A person is exposed to the highest concentration of a pesticide during:
Definition
Mixing
Term
It is important not to keep fruit baskets in the same cooler with fresh flowers because:
Definition
Ethylene gas from the fruit will cause the flowers to age quickly
Term
The stomata of a plant leaf:
Definition
Regulate water vapor loss from the plant
Term
A method of applying pesticides to plants that can be effectively used in greenhouse but not outdoors is:
Definition
Fumigation
Term
A flowering pot marketed throughout the year is:
Definition
Chrysanthemum
Term
To check if a plant needs water, touch the soil with your finger: if the plant needs water the soil will feel:
Definition
Dry and warm
Term
The treatment given Easter lilies to speed flowering is called:
Definition
Precooling
Term
An explant is:
Definition
Plant produced from a tissue (meristem)
Term
The word photoperiod has to do with light:
Definition
Duration
Term
Growing medium kept too wet will deprive plants of:
Definition
Oxygen
Term
A pathogen is:
Definition
Microorganism that causes a disease
Term
The following florist crops are propagated by cuttings:
Definition
Carnation, chrysanthemum, poinsettia, azalea
Term
Green plants manufacture sugar in the presence of sunlight. This process is called:
Definition
Photosynthesis
Term
The highest percentage of florist industry sales are made by:
Definition
Telephone
Term
Hydrangeas are forced for the following holidays:
Definition
Easter, Mother’s Day, Memorial Day
Term
The Alstromeria is most closely related to the following plant
Definition
Easter lily
Term
Costs associated with making an arrangement, decorating a blooming plant, or creating wedding flowers are called _______.
Definition
Direct costs
Term
______play a powerful role in advertising floral shops and in most locations leads all other media in sales return for dollar
spent.
Definition
Window displays
Term
Systemic pesticides control the pest by:
Definition
Dissolving into and being moved by the plant sap
Term
The primary colors are:
Definition
Red, yellow, and blue
Term
The most commonly used material for holding flowers is:
Definition
Floral foam
Term
Foliage below the water line should be removed to:
Definition
Prevent the leaves from decaying, which foul the water
Term
Flowers such as roses and carnations should be stored at:
Definition
36-40 degrees F
Term
An example of a mass flower is:
Definition
Rose
Term
The size of the bow for a corsage should be
Definition
Slightly wider than the petals of the corsage
Term
Pre-formed pot covers used on potted plants are called
Definition
Speed covers
Term
Florist azaleas are:
Definition
Small evergreen shrubs
Term
Which of the following is provided for a plant by its leaves?
Definition
A food factory
Term
The most important cut flower crops in the US are:
Definition
Mum, rose, carnation
Term
The area within a composition occupied by material is called ______
Definition
Positive space
Term
The flowers of Easter lilies last longer if:
Definition
The stamens are removed
Term
The larger the gauge of florist wire indicates that the thickness is:
Definition
Thinner
Term
Deluxe floral foam is used to:
Definition
Hold heavy stemmed flowers
Term
The number of flowers usually in a cymbidium orchid corsage is
Definition
One
Term
The most important environmental factor in orchid culture is:
Definition
Watering and water quality
Term
The acceleration of flowering by manipulation of environmental conditions is known as:
Definition
Forcing
Term
Optimum temperatures for poinsettia growth are:
Definition
60-80 degrees
Term
Costs associated with making an arrangement, decorating a blooming plant or creating wedding flowers are called:
Definition
Direct costs
Term
A grouping of closely spaced flowers, net and accessories in a hand-held floral arrangement is called:
Definition
Nosegay
Term
Field production of gladiolus is accomplished by using:
Definition
Corms
Term
This fungus attacks a wide variety of ornamental plants, probably causing more losses than any other single pathogen.
Definition
Botrytis cinerea
Term
Distorted flowers characterized by shorter petals, which give the rose a flattened appearance are called:
Definition
Bullheads
Term
Which of the following is a true statement?
Definition
The lower the number, the thicker the wire and narrower the ribbon.
Term
Specialty cut flowers may be defined as:
Definition
Cut flowers other than roses, carnations and chrysanthemums
Term
The size relationship of a floral arrangement with its surroundings is:
Definition
Scale
Term
The showy red, pink or white portions of the poinsettia are called:
Definition
Bracts
Term
A speckled leaf appearance with fine silky strands between leaves and on lower leaf surfaces suggests the presence of:
Definition
Spider mite
Term
The majority of florist businesses are conducted in one location and annual gross sales are generally under:
Definition
$250,000
Term
The unit of heat measurement used in the greenhouse industry is the:
Definition
btu
Term
Flowers, which are worn by men and pinned on a lapel, are called:
Definition
Boutonnieres
Term
This growth regulator increases the flower size of geranium and accelerates flowering in cyclamen:
Definition
Gibberellic acid
Term
A more expensive decorative container into which a potted plant can be set is a:
Definition
Jardinière
Term
Analogous color harmony utilizes:
Definition
Two or three adjacent colors on the color wheel
Term
These summer-blooming perennials produce dense, bristly balls of blue color:
Definition
Globe thistle
Term
When growing orchids, a hygrometer is used to measure:
Definition
Humidity
Term
The hook method of wiring for floral arrangements is used for _______.
Definition
Flat headed flowers
Term
Upper leaves which show interveinal chlorosis probably suffer from:
Definition
An iron deficiency
Term
Marigold seed which fails to emerge, or seedlings which die soon after emerging: from wet soil are the result of:
Definition
Damping off
Term
The flowers and leaves of a rose are mottled and streaked with silver, and dusty black droppings have collected. This damage is indicative of:
Definition
Thrips
Term
African violets are typically propagated by:
Definition
Leaf cuttings
Term
______________ is the act of cutting flower stems properly and providing them with the proper treatment at any stage of the distribution process.
Definition
Processing
Term
The pricing method based on 40% of retail selling price is:
Definition
Wholesale pricing
Term
Cut branches of evergreen 20-30 inches long are called:
Definition
Boughs
Term
The term “texture”, as it applies to plants, includes such adjectives as:
Definition
Fine, medium and coarse
Term
A design that uses a complementary color scheme is one that:
Definition
Uses colors that are opposite to one another on the color wheel
Term
Cool colors include color combinations like:
Definition
Blue-green, blue, blue-violet and violet
Term
The type of plant that lives for more than two years is:
Definition
Perennials
Term
The reason for putting irregularly shaped stones or broken pieces of pottery into the bottom of a pot containing flowering plants is:
Definition
It helps the soil to drain after being watered
Term
What is the purpose of ‘pinching’ plants?
Definition
Pinching helps the plant to become bushier
Term
This element is essential for strong stems, strong roots, and deep flower color. A deficiency in plants shows up as weak stems,
and a yellowing and browning of leaves at their tips and edges.
Definition
Potassium
Term
The best time to water flowering plants is:
Definition
In the morning
Term
How many essential nutrients are essential to plant growth and reproduction?
Definition
Sixteen
Term
When is the best time to divide a mature chrysanthemum?
Definition
When it is about three inches tall in the spring
Term
The pH on soil test results stands for:
Definition
Potential hydrogen
Term
When cutting roses to use indoors or to remove spent blossoms:
Definition
Cut directly below the first strong, five-leaflet leaf
Term
A cutting garden is a plot of land set aside for the purpose of growing flowers for what use?
Definition
Indoor bouquets only
Term
A correct way to remove mealy bugs from plants is:
Definition
Dab each bug with a cotton swab dipping in rubbing alcohol
Term
Fertilizer that you add to your flowering plants contains the following elements in the correct order:
Definition
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Term
Japanese style of floral arrangement is known as:
Definition
Ikebana
Term
What type of water supply do cut flowers need to transport food and to keep the stems stiff?
Definition
Constant water supply
Term
Heavy-headed flowers, such as large mums, often bend by the flower head, nearly breaking off. What should be done to temporarily improve this situation?
Definition
Insert tooth picks pointed through the bloom into the stem
Term
A _____ has a flower bud within it surrounded by layers of food supply.
Definition
True bulb
Term
Abnormally streaked or striped flower petals are a symptom of ‘flower breaking’. This problem is common tulips, lilies and gladiolus and is caused by:
Definition
Viruses
Term
What is the most important thing to do for bulbs to produce flowers during succeeding years?
Definition
Grow a good crop of foliage
Term
Which type of rose has multiple large flowers on a single stem?
Definition
Floribundas
Term
What is a good sign that potted plants need to be repotted?
Definition
New leaves are quite a bit smaller than older ones
Term
A ______________is a floral piece commonly displayed at funerals.
Definition
Standing spray
Term
Most indoor foliage plants need which kind of lighting?
Definition
Bright indirect light
Term
In order to survive in the florist business, an owner/manager must be able to determine the true value of the product and strive for improvement of the perceived value. This is called
Definition
Profit Pricing
Term
The principle of total compatibility of all parts of an arrangement with each other is termed:
Definition
Harmony
Term
The term hard good means:
Definition
Nonperishable items used in designing such as containers
Term
A process used by growers to produce well-branched, compact plants with many flowers is called:
Definition
Pinching
Term
Cut carnations are classified into two groups:
Definition
Standards and miniatures
Term
Food is translocated implants through a tissue called the:
Definition
Phloem
Term
Parallel leaf venation, lack of annular rings, and floral parts in multiples of three, are distinguishing characteristics of:
Definition
Monocots
Term
Transpiration is:
Definition
The loss of water vapor from the plant
Term
The adjustment of a plant from production conditions to interior conditions is called:
Definition
Acclimatization
Term
Peat is often mixed into the growing medium of container plants because it:
Definition
Has good air and water holding capacities
Term
A poinsettia crop that is four weeks late in flowering for Christmas was very likely exposed to:
Definition
Lighting at night
Term
Damping-off disease of seedlings is caused by:
Definition
Fungus
Term
Food is manufactured in the leaves of plants when they are exposed to light. This process is called:
Definition
Photosynthesis
Term
A ‘stretched’ plant is one that:
Definition
Has grown excessively long stems
Term
Chrysanthemums and poinsettias are grown commercially under long nights. This is needed to:
Definition
Initiate and develop flowers
Term
A good substitute for sand, this material provides for aeration in the growing media:
Definition
Perlite
Term
The timing of an Easter lily crop is complicated because
Definition
The earlier the date of Easter, the longer it takes to force them
Term
Most greenhouse crops stop growing when the air temperature goes above:
Definition
90 F
Term
Soil structure refers to:
Definition
The arrangement of soil particles
Term
With the exception of the horizontal design, how high in relation to its width should a design be made?
Definition
1-1/2 to 2 times the width
Term
Focus in floral design refers to:
Definition
Attraction of the observers’ eye to a central point
Term
Cut flowers and ‘greens’ are held in refrigerators at a temperature range of:
Definition
35-40oF
Term
A floral arrangement should be finished on all sides if it is to be placed:
Definition
In front of a mirror
Term
When designing a floral arrangement, after the container has been prepared, one should:
Definition
Establish the lines
Term
The following is an analysis for a complete fertilizer for commercial use:
Definition
5-10-5
Term
This citric acid solution causes flowers to take up water rapidly to prevent dehydration after flowers have been dry packed
Definition
Hydrating solution
Term
To create a strong focal point, a designer should _______ at the focal point.
Definition
Use flowers with a bright chroma
Term
Use of the following materials is regulated by both Federal and state laws:
Definition
Insecticides, fungicides, miticides, herbicides, plant growth regulators
Term
Early warning signs of poisoning of humans by an organophosphate insecticide may include:
Definition
Tightness in chest, narrowing pupils, headache
Term
If you have a work related problem that you do not know how to solve, you should take it to your supervisor:
Definition
With alternative solutions
Term
If a customer you are serving has a complaint, the first thing that you should do is:
Definition
Listen very carefully
Term
Gladioli are:
Definition
Used a ‘line’ flowers in a floral design
Term
Overhead costs include everything not accounted for in:
Definition
Direct costs
Term
A florist is most likely to be promptly paid when charged account bills are mailed:
Definition
Monthly
Term
When should plants be watered?
Definition
Just prior to wilting or water stress occurs
Term
The principles of design are fundamental truths that have evolved as the various art forms have developed. Which of the following is NOT among the major principles of design?
Definition
Price
Term
In traditional arrangements, materials with higher visual weight are used lower in the arrangement to create stable effect; they are sunken a little further into the arrangement for depth. Identify the significant principles of design that are related to balance:
Definition
Stability & depth
Term
When certain elements are provided in excess to plants, uptake of other nutrients may be hindered. On example of a mineral antagonism is the _____________________________ interaction; a 1:1 ratio is recommended for most floriculture crops
Definition
Nitrogen-Potassium
Term
Optimum temperature for poinsettia growth is _____________ degrees F.
Definition
60 to 80
Term
When utilizing the ratio markup method a 5 to 1 item with the total wholesale value of the material costing
$12.00 would retail for _____.
Definition
$60.00
Term
Generally, roses are graded according to _________________ of stem.
Definition
Length
Term
The bract that encloses a flower cluster is a .
Definition
Spathe
Term
Your orchids are facing a pest problem. The buds, flowers and tender new growth are pitted or stunted. Tiny insects are often visible. A sticky fluid secreted by the insects provides a medium for growth of sooty mold and attracts ants. The most likely problem is _.
Definition
Aphids
Term
A group of orchids have a problem caused by improper culture. The foliage is dark green and healthy, but the plant won’t flower. The probable cause is _______.
Definition
Too little light
Term
Fungus gnat damage to potted plants is caused by the _______.
Definition
Larval stage
Term
A type of propagation in which the propagule remains attached to the parent plant is termed ______.
Definition
Layering
Term
Short, crooked rose peduncles often result from _______.
Definition
Excessive vigor
Term
The greatest control over the cooling phase of Easter lily production is provided by ______.
Definition
Controlled temperature forcing
Term
Secondary macro-nutrients are:
Definition
Calcium, magnesium, and sulfur
Term
Floral arrangements designed with visual paths along which the eye is led from one point of interest to another are called _______.
Definition
Line arrangements
Term
The flower part that contains the pollen is the:
Definition
Anther
Term
Nosegay originated during which period in the history of floral design:
Definition
English-Georgian
Term
The number one foliage production state in acres and wholesale value is _____.
Definition
Florida
Term
An arrangement should be _______ times the height of a tall container or the length of an elongated container.
Definition
1.5 to 2
Term
A mum cultivar with a single flower more than 4 inches in diameter, having all lateral buds removed is called a _______.
Definition
Standard mum
Term
A brown foam which is easily penetrated by delicate floral stems and aids in the arrangement of silk and dry flowers is _______.
Definition
Dry foam
Term
For optimum vase life, most cut flowers should be stored at temperatures close to:
Definition
40 ºF
Term
Appropriate refrigeration of cut floral materials involves both temperature and humidity control to:
Definition
slow down respiration
Term
The _______method of wiring is commonly used to wire flowers having large, thickened calyxes such as carnations and roses.
Definition
Piercing
Term
The term that refers to all the petals of a flower collectively is:
Definition
Corolla
Term
Irregularly shaped holes with smooth edges appear in Celosia leaves. Some leaves are even missing. The plants should be treated for:
Definition
Slugs and snails
Term
Secondary colors consist of:
Definition
Orange, green, and violet
Term
“Plant lice” refers to:
Definition
Aphids
Term
A major problem in standard carnation production resulting in asymmetrical flowers is:
Definition
Calyx splitting
Term
The primary macro-nutrients are:
Definition
Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium
Term
The natural process by which plants grow in the direction of the strongest light source is called:
Definition
Phototropism
Term
A palmately compound leaf has:
Definition
Leaflet
Term
If a florist was limited to two tools, the least useful ones to have would be:
Definition
Oasis and cardettes
Term
A hue with white added is:
Definition
Tint
Term
One of the earliest cultures to use flowers were the Egyptians. They valued __________________ and __________________.
Definition
Simplicity and repetition
Term
Light energy, carbon dioxide, and water enter into the process of photosynthesis, through which:
Definition
Carbohydrates are formed
Term
___________is generally added to water when processing flowers in a retail floral shop.
Definition
Biocide
Term
Hanging plants used in interior landscapes function to:
Definition
Smooth squared edges found in the architecture
Term
The main reason many tropical foliage plants decline indoors is related to:
Definition
Light
Term
Gloxinia and African violet are members of the plant family:
Definition
Gesneriaceae
Term
Growth-promoting substances are often applied to the bases of cuttings when propagating plants in order to:
Definition
Speed the development of roots on the cutting
Term
A ten-week group variety of chrysanthemum means:
Definition
They bloom ten weeks after the start of short days
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