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Flashcards for Biology Chapter 4
Flashcards for Biology Chapter 4 part 2 in Mr, Richards class
20
Biology
10th Grade
10/18/2011

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Term
What is metabolism?
Definition
the sum of all the life processes such as photosynthesis, movement, respiration, growth, etc.
Term
What are the 2 types of metabolism?
Definition
anabolic and catabolic
Term
What is anabolic metabolism?
Definition
the process that builds molecules and stores energy
Term
What is catabolic metabolism?
Definition
the process that breaks down molecules and releases energy
Term
What is translation?
Definition
the process of assembling protein from RNA
Term
What is a codon?
Definition
3 letter codes formed by bases in RNA that represent one of the amino acids
Term
What is transcription?
Definition
the process of manufacturing RNA molecules from DNA
Term
What are the 3 types of RNA?
Definition
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
Term
What does mRNA do?
Definition
(messenger) it carries the codon to the ribosomes
Term
What does the mRNA contain?
Definition
codons
Term
What does the tRNA do?
Definition
(transfer)carries the correct amino acid to the ribosomes
Term
What does the tRNA contain?
Definition
the anticodons
Term
What does rRNA do?
Definition
builds ribosomes
Term
Where does the mRNA go?
Definition
to the cytoplasm where ribosomes hook on to the mRNA
Term
What does a ribosome do?
Definition
it reads the codon, then forms the protein from amino acids based on that codon
Term
Where does transcription take place?
Definition
in the nucleus
Term
What is homeostasis?
Definition
the equilibrium/steady state that every living organism must maintain. ex. temperature, pH level, etc.
Term
What are the steps in the protein synthesis process?
Definition
1.DNA is broken down into RNA. 2. these bases are then changed into codons which are carried to the ribosomes through mRNA. 3.the codons are then produce anticodons to form the tRNA. 4.the tRNA then brings the amino acid that fits with the codons. 5. these amino acids are then put together to form proteins
Term
What base is never used in condons and anticodons?
Definition
thymine
Term
What is thymine replaced with?
Definition
uracil
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