Term
| ADD (attention-deficit disorder) |
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Definition
| condition marked by easy distraction from important tasks, impulsiveness, moodiness, and failure to follow through on plans |
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Term
| ADHD (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder) |
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Definition
| condition marked by easy distraction from important tasks, impulsiveness, moodiness, and failure to follow through on plans, plus excessive activity and fidgetiness |
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Term
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Definition
| mechanical, repetitive procedure for solving a problem |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency to respond to some stimuli more than others or to remember some more than others |
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Term
| Attention-deficit disorder (ADD) |
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Definition
| condition marked by easy distraction from important tasks, impulsiveness, moodiness, and failure to follow through on plans |
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Term
| Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
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Definition
| condition marked by easy distraction from important tasks, impulsiveness, moodiness, and failure to follow through on plans, plus excessive activity and fidgetiness |
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Term
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Definition
| brief period after perceiving a stimulus, during which it is difficult to attend to another stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| procedure that extracts information from one part of the visual field at a time |
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Term
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Definition
| strategy of assuming that how easily one can remember examples of some kind of event indicates how common the event actually is |
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Definition
| data about the frequency or probability of a given item |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to use two languages about equally well |
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Term
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Definition
| condition characterized by inarticulate speech and by difficulties with both using and understanding grammatical devices such as prepositions, conjunctions, word endings, complex sentence structures, and so forth |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency to fail to detect changes in any part of a scene to which we are not focusing our attention |
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Term
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Definition
| opportunity to choose between a small immediate reward and a larger delayed reward |
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Term
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Definition
| processes of thinking, gaining knowledge, and dealing with knowledge |
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Term
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Definition
| specialist who studies thought processes and the acquisition of knowledge |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency to accept one hypothesis and then look for evidence to support it instead of considering other possibilities |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the widely branching structures of a neuron that receive transmissions from other neurons, |
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Term
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Definition
| (a) in vision, a period when the eyes are steady; (b) in Freud’s theory, a persisting preoccupation with an immature psychosexual interest as a result of frustration at that stage of psychosexual development |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency to answer a question differently when it is framed (phrased) differently |
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Term
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Definition
| portion of each cerebral hemisphere at the anterior pole, with sections that control movement and certain aspects of memory |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency to adhere to a single approach to a problem or a single way of using an item |
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Term
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Definition
| strategies for simplifying a problem or for guiding an investigation |
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Term
| IAT (Implicit Association Test) |
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Definition
| procedure that measures how fast someone responds to a category that combines a topic with pleasant words or with unpleasant words |
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Term
| Implicit Association Test (IAT) |
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Definition
| procedure that measures how fast someone responds to a category that combines a topic with pleasant words or with unpleasant words |
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Term
| Language acquisition device |
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Definition
| built-in mechanism for acquiring language |
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Definition
| thoroughly considering every possibility to find the best one |
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Definition
| linguistic unit of meaning |
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Definition
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Definition
| procedure for extracting information automatically and simultaneously across a large portion of the visual field |
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Term
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Definition
| temporarily increased probability of using a word as a result of recently reading or hearing it |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to express new ideas |
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Term
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Definition
| familiar or typical example of a category |
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Term
| Representativeness heuristic |
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Definition
| tendency to assume that, if an item is similar to members of a particular category, it is probably a member of that category itself |
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Term
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Definition
| quick jump in the focus of the eyes from one point to another |
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Term
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Definition
| process by which the activation of one concept also activates or primes other concepts that are linked to it |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs that boost energy, heighten alertness, increase activity, and produce a pleasant feeling |
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Term
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Definition
| procedure in which a person responds as quickly as possible to one signal but inhibits the response in the event of a second signal |
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Definition
| tendency to read a word, especially if it is a color name, in spite of instructions to disregard the word and state the color of the ink in which it is printed |
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Term
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Definition
| willingness to do something we wouldn’t otherwise choose to do because of money or effort already spent |
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Term
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Definition
| portion of each cerebral hemisphere; the main processing area for hearing, complex aspects of vision, and certain aspects of emotional behavior |
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Definition
| activity in which someone applies experience and expectations to interpret what each item must be in context |
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Definition
| system for converting a deep structure of a language into a surface structure |
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Definition
| condition marked by difficulty recalling the names of objects and impaired comprehension of language |
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Term
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Definition
| genetic condition characterized by mental retardation in most regards but skillful use of language |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency to identify a letter with greater ease when it is part of a whole word than when it is presented by itself |
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