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| Organizations that have no official connection to a candidate but that raise and spend funds like a campaign does; named after the section of the tax code that authorizes their existence (page 294) |
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| System of government by and for a small number of elites that does not include representation of ordinary citizens (page 287) |
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| The legitimate, noncoercive exercise of power (page 287) |
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| A proposition or idea held on the basis of faith (page 311) |
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| Public schools run by private entities to give parents greater control over their children's education (page 306) |
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| Two-year institution that provides students with general education and facilitates transfer to a four-year university (page 310) |
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| A political system in which all citizens have the right to participate (page 288) |
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| stripped of voting rights, either temporarily or permanently (page 290) |
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| Early college high schools |
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| Institutions in which students earn a high school diploma and two years of credit toward a bachelor's degree (page 307) |
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| The process by which a society transmits its knowledge, values, and expectations to its members so they can function effectively (page 301) |
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| A term describing conservative Christians who emphasize converting others to their faith (page 316) |
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| A person's public display of commitment to a religious faith (page 313) |
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| The media, which are considered like a fourth branch of government (after the executive, legislative, and judiciary) and thus serve as another of the checks and balances on power (page 294) |
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| The practice of emphasizing literal interpretation of texts and a "return" to a time of greater religious purity; represented by the most conservative group within any religion (page 315) |
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| The formal, organized agency that exercises power and control in modern society, especially through the creation and enforcement of laws (page 287) |
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| Values or behaviors that students learn indirectly over the course of their schooling because of the structure of the educational system and the teaching methods used (page 303) |
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| The education of children by their parents, at home (page 307) |
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| A person's inner religious life or personal relationship to the divine (page 313) |
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| A movement within the Catholic Church to understand Christianity from the perspective of the poor and oppressed, with a focus on fighting injustice (page 312) |
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| A government ruled by a king or queen, with succession of rulers kept within the family (page 288) |
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| A term describing religions that worship a single divine figure (page 312) |
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| Any educational course or program in which the teacher and the student meet via the internet, rather than meeting physically in a classroom (page 310) |
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| High-profile individuals whose interpretation of events influences the public (page 296) |
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| A system of political power in which a wide variety of individuals and groups have equal access to resources and the mechanisms of power (page 292) |
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| Political action committee (PAC) |
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| An organization that raises money to support the interests of a select group or organization (page 293) |
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| methods and tactics intended to influence government policy, policy-related attitudes, and activities (page 287) |
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| The ability to impose one's will on others (page 287) |
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| A relatively small group of people in the top ranks of economic, political, and military institutions who make many of the important decisions in American society (page 292) |
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| The ordinary, mundane, or everyday (page 311) |
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| Any institutionalized system of shared beliefs and rituals that identify a relationship between the sacred and the profane (page 311) |
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| The regular practice of religious beliefs, often measured in terms of frequency of attendance at worship services and the importance of religious beliefs to an individual (page 313) |
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| A practice based on religious beliefs (page 311) |
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| The holy, divine, or supernatural (page 311) |
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| Payments from the government to parents whose children attend failing public schools; the money helps parents pay private school tuition (page 309) |
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| Nonreligious; a secular society separates church and state and does not endorse any religion (page 316) |
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| An image or media representation that does not reflect reality in any meaningful way but is treated as real (page 298) |
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| systems and structures within society that shape the activities of groups and individuals (page 286) |
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| organizations that raise and spend money to influence elected officials and/or public opinion (page 293) |
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| The placement of students in educational "tracks," or programs of study (e.g., college prep, remedial), that determine the types of classes students take (page 303) |
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| A term describing those who consider themselves spiritual but not religious and who often adopt aspects of various religious traditions (page 316) |
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