Term
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Definition
| Robert Hooke: He saw dead cork cells so people thought for a while that only plants had cells and not people |
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Term
| Who made the first handheld microscope? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the tenants of the Cell Doctrine and who are its founders? |
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Definition
Schwann & Schlediden
1) Cells are the Smallest living unit (All organisms are composed of one or more cells)
2) Cells are distinct Units with specific task (unicellular or in multicellular organisms)
3. A cell can only derive from another cell by cell divisions (Virchow) |
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Term
| What is spontaneous crystalization |
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Definition
| The erroneous thinking that you can have a piece of dirt naturally turn into a fly, such is [Free Cell Formation]. (exceptions are Viruses) |
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Term
| What is a Phylogenetic tree? |
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Definition
| Tells you the distance between the number of evolutionary changes between organisms, if there has been a lot of change then the branches and if there hasn't been much change then the branches will be close. It's the comparison of rRNA subunits. |
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Term
| What are the 3 kingdoms of Life? |
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Definition
1) Bacteria (Eubacteria): Pathogenic and not, very common and everywhere
2) Archaea : thought to be extremist since they were first detected in very hot waters but now known to be common
3)Eukaryotes: [200] gene families |
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Term
| Universal Features of Cells on Earth: All cells. |
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Definition
1)Store heredity information in same chemical DNA code
2)Replicate hereditary information by templated polymerization
3)Transcribe part of the genetic information into RNA
4)Translate RNA into protein in the same way
5) Use Proteins as catalyst (for metabolism, building blocks, structures)
6)Small molecular building blocks for their biochemical factories (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids)
7) Enclosed in a plasma membrane (crossing of nutrients & waste) |
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Term
| Characteristic of Bacteria |
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Definition
No Nuclear Envelope
No Membrane-Enclosed organelles
Yes Peptidoglycan in cell wall
Unbranched hydrocarbons in Membrane lipids
One Kind of RNA Polymerase
Formly-methionine for Initiator protein synthesis
Very rarely introns in genes
Growth Inhibitated, if antibiotics streptomycin & chloramphenicol
No, histones associated with DNA
Has Circular DNA for Bacteria
No, growth at temperatures greater than 100 degrees Celsius |
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Term
| Characteristics of Archaea |
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Definition
No, Nuclear envelope
No, Membrane-enclosed organelles
No, Petidoglycan in cell walls
Some branched hydrocarbons (thermal stability), for membrane lipids
Several kinds of RNA polymerase
Methionine for initiator amino acid for protein synthesis
Yes Intro in genes
growth not affected by antibiotics
Yes histones associated with DNA
Yes Circular chrmosomes
Yes growth at 100 + temp |
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