Term
| ________________ takes place in the mitochondria |
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Definition
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Term
| 5 steps of scientific method |
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Definition
| observation, question, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion |
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Term
| describe seven characteristics exbibited by all living things |
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Definition
| organized into cells, assimilates and uses energy, homeostasis, responds to the environment, reproduction, growth and development, evolutionary adaptation |
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Term
| the molecule of heredity is |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 KINGDOMS OF THE DOMAIN EUKARYA |
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Definition
| PROTISTA, FUNGI, PLANTAE, ANIMALIA |
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Term
| The _______ is the smallest unit of life |
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Definition
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Term
| Organelle that carries out photosynthesis |
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Definition
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Term
| A cell that is ____________ has no nucleus or membrane bound organelles/ |
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Definition
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Term
| A cell that is __________________ has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles |
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Definition
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Term
| The ____________ is found outside the plasma membrane in plants, bacteria, fungi,and some protists |
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Definition
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Term
| The ________________ refers to all the chromosomes and their associated proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the three things that happen in the chloroplasts |
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Definition
-capture sunlight
-ATP formed
-organic compounds form |
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Term
| The "powerhouse of the cell" is the ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Membrane bound recyclers that digest old or defective organelles are |
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Definition
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Term
| Name three things that all cells have |
|
Definition
-plasma membrane
-DNA containing region
-cytosol |
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Term
| The membranous network of channels that is continuous with the nuclear envelope is the |
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Definition
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Term
| These non-membrane bound organelles are important in protein synthesis: |
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Definition
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Term
| This processes and distributes proteins |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| can't be broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical means, occupies space and has mass, composed of one kind of atom. |
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Term
|
Definition
| smallest unit of an element |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| UNIONS BETWEEN ELECTRON STRUCTURES OF ATOMS |
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Term
|
Definition
2 OR MORE ELEMENTS IN PROPORTIONS THAT NEVER VARY
EXAMPLE: WATER |
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Term
|
Definition
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IONS OF OPPOSITE CHARGE
EX: SALT -NA+ Cl- |
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Term
|
Definition
WHEN 2 ATOMS SHARE ELECTRONS, ATOMS ATTRACT ELECTRONS, BUT NOT ENOUGH TO PULL OUT OF VALENCE SHELL
1. STRONG
2. DIRECTIONAL - ONE DIRECTION |
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Term
|
Definition
WEAK CHARGE ATTRACTIONS BETWEEN POLAR MOLECULES
WEAKEST. |
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Term
|
Definition
GOOD SOLVENT - DISSOLVES EASILY
HIGH SPECIFIC HEAT- TEMP STABILIZING
HIGH HEAT VAPORATION-
ICE FLOATS- SOLID FORM IS LESS DENSE
HIGH COHESION- SUPPORTS DENSE OBJECTS |
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|
Term
|
Definition
SUBSTANCE THAT RELEASES H WHEN RELEASED IN WATER; MORE H THAN OH
EX. LEMON JUICE |
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Term
|
Definition
SUBSTANCE THAT COMBINES W/H IONS, LESS H THAN OH
7 IS NUETRAL |
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Term
| STRUCTURE OF ORGANIC COMPOUND |
|
Definition
| CARBON BACKBONE, COVALENT BONDS |
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Term
|
Definition
| CARB, LIPIDS, PROTEINS, NUCLEIC ACID. |
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Term
|
Definition
| ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE, UNSTABLE, DELIVERS ENERGY FROM ONE REATIONS SITE TO ANOTHER REACTION SITE, "ENERGY CURRENCY OF THE CELL" |
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Term
|
Definition
| RIBONUCLEIC ACID, SINGLE STRAND, CARRIES DNA INSTRUCTIONS FROM THE NUCLEUS TO THE CYTOPLASM WHERE PROTEINS ARE BUILT(TO RIBOSOMES ON ROUGH ER.) |
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|
Term
| MOVEMENT OF MOLECULES (5) |
|
Definition
| DIFFUSION, OSMOSIS, ISOTONIC, HYERTONIC, HYPOTONIC |
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Term
|
Definition
| NET MOVEMENT OF MOLECULES FROM HIGH CONCENTRATION TO LOW. SPONTANEOUS, RANDOM MOTION DOWN THE GRADIENT, EQUILIBRIUM IS REACHED |
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Term
|
Definition
| DIFFUSION OF H2O ACROSS A DIFFERENTIALLY PERMEABLE PLANE |
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|
Term
| PASSIVE TRANSPORT ACROSS MEMBRANE REQUIRING NO ENERGY |
|
Definition
DIFFUSION,OSMOSIS--NON POLAR AND SMALL POLOR MOLECULES
WATER, O2, CO2 |
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Term
|
Definition
| experimented with garden peas, manipulated breeding of pea plants by intentionally cross breeding plants, papers not discovered until 1900 |
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Term
|
Definition
| partner chromosomes. 1 maternal and 1 paternal |
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Term
|
Definition
| Prophase I of meiosis, exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids, leads to recombination |
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Term
|
Definition
| one or more pairs of chromosomes, fail to separate during mitosis or meiosis (largest cause of chromosome changes) |
|
|
Term
| Examples of changes in Chromosome #s |
|
Definition
| Downs Syndrome, Turners Syndrome, klinefelter Syndrom, and XYY condition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| PROTEIN NETWORK FOR SHAPE AND MOVEMENT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MAY BE UP TO 98% OF PLANT CELL, MOSTLY WATER BUT CONTAINS NUTRIENTS, WASTE, PIGMENTS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| UNION BETWEEN ELECTRON STRUCTURES OF ATOMS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER W/PROTEINS |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TYPE OF PROTEIN THAT ACCELERATES A CHEMICAL REACTION |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| PROTONS, NEUTRONS, ELECTRONS, MOVE RAPIDLY AROUND NUCLEUS |
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|
Term
|
Definition
PROCESS WHICH PLANTS TRANSFORM SOLAR ENERGY TO CHEMICAL ENERGY
CO2+H20=CHO
RELEASES OXYGEN, CHLOROPLAST |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1 CELL-->4CELLS OCCURS IN SEX CELLS; IN HUMANS 46-->23CHROMOSOMES |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1 CELL -->2 CELLS OCCURS IN ALL BUT SEX CELLS; HUMANS 46-->46 CHROMOSOMES |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DNA MOLECULE AND PROTEINS PRIEOR TO CELL DIVISION, STRETCH TO DUPLICATE |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| MATERNAL AND PATERNAL HOMOLOGUES ARE SHUFFLED RANDOMLY DURING MEIOSIS-INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| HUMANS HAVE 23 PAIR OF HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| ONE BASE PAIR SUBSTITUTED W/ANOTHER, EXTRA BASE, MISSING BASE, WRONG PAIRING |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| DNA SERVES AS TEMPLATE FOR RNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MRNA=MESSENGER, TRNA TRANSLATOR, RRNA PART OF RIBOSOME |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| SET OF 3 NUCLEOTIDES CODE FOR AN AMINO ACID |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| FROM 2 OR MORE SOURCES, USED FOR GENETIC SURGERY |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION, USED TO MAKE BILLIONS OF COPIES OF SPECIFIC PORTIONS OF DNA |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| SEPERATES FRAGMENTS OF DNA ACCODING TO LENGTH WEIGHED OUT, EXPOSED TO LOW VOLTAGE SMALLER PIECES OF DNA MOVE FASTER |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| NON CELLULAR INFECTIOUS AGENT SURROUNDED BY PROTEIN COAT AND CANT REPRODUCE ITSELF. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| SHORT STRANDS OF RNA W/O PROTEIN COAT'ENTERS NUCLUEUS OF INFECTED CELLS AND DIRECT SYNTHESIS OF NEW VIROIDS/ RESPONSIBLE FOR PLANT DISEASE |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| PROTEIN MUTATED FORM ACTS AS INFECTOUS AGENT THAT CAUSES DISEASES INCLUDING MAD COW AND SCRAPIE |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| EARLIEST LIVING ORGANISMS 4.5 BYA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| BACILLUS, SPIRILLA, COCCUS |
|
|
Term
| BACTERIA HUMAN INTERACTIONS |
|
Definition
GOOD GUYS-RHIZOBIUM, LACTOBACILLUS, ESCHERICHIA COLI
BAD- STREP, RHEUMATIC FEVER, TUBERCULOSIS, E COLI, ANTHRAX, LIME DISEASE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| AFRICAN SLEEPING SICKNESS, GIARDIA, FORAMS, MILARIA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ATHLETES FOOT, RINGWORMS, LICHENS |
|
|
Term
| WHAT DOMAIN IS KIGDOM ANIMALIA IN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ANIMAL |
|
Definition
MULTICELLULAR, HETERTROPHIC(MOST), AEROBIC(MOST)
MOVEMENT: MOTILE AT SOME POINT
REPRODUCE SEXUALLY-GAMETES ARE HAPBID; EGGS LARGER THAN SPERM
6 EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT PERIOD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
36 phyla, 2 million species (1.95 invertebrates)
kingdom->phylum->class->order->family->genus->species
on land 3 phyla dominate mollusca, arthropoda, chordata |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a symmetry->redial symmetry->bilateral |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
having a definite head end
1st seen in platyhelminthes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| appearance of a body cavity between body wall and gut |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| body cavity in whch digestive yract and other internal oprgans are suspended |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(tissue) layers
O->2->3 germ layers in embryo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
about 8000 species
mostly marine (about 100 in fw)
asymmetry, no true organsor tissues, filter feeders
asexual ans sexual reproducers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
about 11000 species
jelly fish, corals, anemones
radial symmetry, mostly marine(50 in fw), 2 tissue layers, ectoderm, endoderm with mesoglea in between |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| free-living, floats on water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sessile: tube like body with tentacle fringed mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specialized stinging cells with toxins; used for prey capture and defense |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| calcium carbonate skeleton; symbiotic algae in tissues to carry out photosynthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| colony with teams to engage in prey, reproduction, and defense |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
15k species
flat worms(include flukes, tapeworms) |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of phylum platyhelminthes |
|
Definition
bilateral symetry, cephalized, digestion: gastro vascular cavity
reproduction: both asexual and sexual (hermaphroditic male and female organs in same worm)
lifestyle: free living or parasitic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
15k species
segmented worms
leeches, earthworms, polychactes |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of phylum annelida |
|
Definition
bilateral symmetry,complete digestive tract (mouth & anus), true coelum: body cavity completely lined with mesoderm
internal & external segmentation
closed circulstion (in most) |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of phylum mollusca (110k species) |
|
Definition
bilateral symmetry, shell or calcium carbonate(or remnant), coelum, complete digestive tract, gills for respiration, mantle: fleshy covering of organs
3 classes |
|
|
Term
| phylum mollusca- class gastropoda |
|
Definition
| stomach footed, tadula=toothed tongue for food gathering includes-snails, slugs nudibranchs |
|
|
Term
phylum mollusca
class Bivalvia |
|
Definition
"2 valves" scallops, oysters, clams, mussels
muscular foot for burrowing, filter feeders. |
|
|
Term
| mollusca/class cephalopoda |
|
Definition
head footed
squids, octupus, cuttlefish, nautilus
predatory, marine, feet=tentacles, beak like jaws, closed circulatory system, seperate sexes, nervous system, complex eyes, can learn |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ROUNDWORMS/ BILATERAL, CEPHALIZED, COMPLETE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM, PSUEDOCOELUM, FREE LIVING OR SAND
PARASITIC TRICHINELLA OR HOOKWORMS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
INSECTS, ARACHNIDS, CRUSTACEANS
COELOM, COMPLETE DIGESTIVE, JOINTED APPENDAGES, EXOSKELETON FOR MUSCLE ATTACHMENT AND PROTECTION, PREVENTS WATER LOSS, PROVIDES SUPPORT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DRAGONFLIES, TERMITES, ROACHES , ADAPTED TO LAND ONLY INVERTABRATES W/WINGS |
|
|
Term
PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA
(SPINY SKIN) |
|
Definition
SEA STARS, SAND DOLLARS, SEA CUCUMBERS, URCHINS
ENDOSKELETON COMPOSED OF CALCIUM CARBONATE, NO BRAIN, COELOM, COMPLETE DIGETIVE TRACT, WATER VASCULAR SYSTEM W/TUBE FEET |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| NOTOCHORD, NERVE CHORD, PHARYNGEAL GILL SLITS, POST ANAL TAIL |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TUNICATES, LANCELETS, VERTEBRATA |
|
|
Term
PHYLUM CHORDATA/CLASS AGNATHA
"JAWLESS FISH" |
|
Definition
| HAG FISH, LAMPREYS, SHAPED LIKE EELS WITH SKELETONS OF CARTILAGE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| SHARKS, SKATES, RAYS, CARTILAGINOUS FISH, MOSTLY MARINE, GILLS, 2 CHAMBERED HEART, ELECTRIC, VENOMOUS, TEETH ARE ACTUALLY MODIFIED SCALES |
|
|
Term
OSTEICHTHYES(CHORDATA)
BONY FISHES |
|
Definition
MOST DIVERSE OF VERTABRATES
SWIM BLADDER, FIRST TO MOVE TO LAND(LUNG FISH) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
BETWEEN FISH & REPTILES
3 CHAMBERED HEART, LUNGS REPLACE GILLS, BONY ENDOSKELETON, 4 LEGS, MUST LAY EGGS IN MOIST PLACE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
DINOSAURS, SNAKES CROCS, GATORS, TURTLES, LIZARDS
TOUGH SCALY SKIN, KIDNEYS TO CONSERVE WATER, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
BIRDS
FEATHERS DERIVED FROM SKIN, FLIGHT AND INSULATION, WARM BLOODED, 4 CHAMBER HEART |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
BATS TO WHALES
NURSE YOUNG, HAIR, DENTITION, WARM BLOODED |
|
|
Term
| ADAPTATIONS FOR LIFE ON LAND |
|
Definition
OBTAINING 02, DIFFUSION
GILLS, TRACHEAE, LUNGS-BIRDS ARE MOST EFFICIENT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| FISH-2 CHAMBERS, AMPHIBIONS- 3 BLOOD MIXES, REPTILES 3 NOT MUCH MIXING, MAMMALS BIRDS CROCS-4 CHAMBERS, SEPTUM NO MIXING |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
KIDNEYS-FIRST SEEN IN FW FISH
FW FISH SALTIER THAN THE ENVIRONMENT, DRINK LITTLE PEE ALOT
SW FISH LESS SALTY DRINK ALOT PEE LITTLE
BIRDS & MAMMALS REMOVE WATER FROM URINE TO CONSERVE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| AGNATHA, CHONDRICHTHYES, OSTEICHTHYES, AMPHIBIA, REPTILIA, AVES, MAMMALIA |
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