Term
Hace Que:
-Meaning in Preterite
-Meaning in Present
-Formula |
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Definition
Preterite: Ago/Since
Present: Still doing it
Hace + (time period) + que... |
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Term
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Definition
by means of
through/along
during/in (time of day)
because of/due to
for (in exchange for)
for the sake of/on behalf of
duration
fixed expressions |
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Term
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Definition
Por Dios
Por ejemplo
por eso
por favor
por fin
por lo general
por lo menos
por primera/ultima vez
por si acaso
por supuesto
por todas partes |
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Term
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Definition
in order to + infinitive
destined for/to be given to
by (deadline, specified future time)
toward/in the direction of
to be used for
as compared with/ in relation to
in the employ of |
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Term
Se acidental:
-6 verbs
-formula |
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Definition
romper, perder, caer, acabar, quedar, olvidar
(A noun)+ se + ind. obj. pro + verb + subject
(IOP= me/te/le/nos/les)
A Antonio se le olvidaron los apuntes. |
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Term
| Indirect Object Pronouns: |
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Definition
me/te/le/nos/les
I send the card to them=
I send it to them=
Yo les la mando=
Yo se la mando. (no les la) |
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Term
Informal tu Commands:
-Positive formula |
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Definition
Start with tu
take off "s"
attach pronoun |
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Term
Informal tu Commands:
-Negative formula |
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Definition
start with yo
take off "o"
add opposite ending -as/-es |
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Term
| Present Subjunctive: -conjugations |
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Definition
change ending to opposite vowel
-AR= e, es, e, emos, en
-ER/IR= a, as, a, amos, an |
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Term
DISHES:
-what tense used?
-conjugations |
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Definition
PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE
dar: dé
ir: vaya
saber:sepa
haber: haya
estar: esté
ser:sea |
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Term
Present Subjunctive:
-Rules for forming |
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Definition
2 Subjects
2 Clauses
2 Verbs
Que
Weirdo |
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Term
WEIRDO:
-When used?
-Acronym |
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Definition
| When forming present subjunctive.
W: Wills/wishes
E: Emotions
I: Impersonal expressions
R: Requests/Recommendations
D: Doubt/Denial
O: Ojala |
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Term
Past Participles
-what are they?
-forming adjectives |
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Definition
-ar: -ado
-er/ir: -ido
Forming Adjectives:
-Estar + past participle
(Must agree in # and gender)
I have eaten~ He comido.
It is eaten~ Esta comido. |
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Term
Perfect Tenses:
-meaning
-formula |
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Definition
"Have done"
Haber + Past Participle (must end in "o" when working as a verb)
Present Perfect (Indicative):
he hablado~ I have spoken
Present Perfect (Subjunctive):
haya hablado~ (may) have done |
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Term
APACE:
-always use in which tense?
-Acronym |
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Definition
Subjunctive!
Antes de que: before
Para que: so that
A menos que: unless
Con tal de que: as long as
En case de que: In case |
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Term
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Definition
Infinitive +
é
ás
á
emos
án |
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Term
THECD:
-when to use?
-Acronym |
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Definition
Test for: habitual, completed, pending
Tan pronto como: as soon as
Hasta que: until
En cuanto: Until
Cuando: When
Después de que: After |
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Term
In present:
-What tense for the following?
Pending=
Completed=
Habitual= |
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Definition
Pending~ Pres subjunctive
Completed~ pret/imperf
Habitual~ pres indic |
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Term
In past:
-What tense for the following?
Pending=
Completed=
Habitual= |
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Definition
Pending~ past subjunctive
Completed~ preterite
Habitual~ imperfect |
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Term
Past Subjunctive:
-formula
-endings |
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Definition
3rd person plural preterite
(-aron/-ieron) -"on" +
a
as
a
amos
an |
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Term
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Definition
Mío
Tuyo
Suyo
Nuestro
Suyo
Match gender and #:
o/a/os/as |
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Term
Conditional:
-meaning
-formula
-endings |
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Definition
"I would"
Future stem (usually infinitive) + imperfect endings
ía
ías
ía
íamos
ían |
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Term
Preterite:
-when to use
-forumla
-endings |
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Definition
-completed
-one time
-beginning/end of action
-sudden changes
-action words
-AR= é, aste, ó, amos, aron
-ER/IR= í, iste, ió, imos, ieron |
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Term
If Clauses -4 types:
-Habitual in pres: If ____, Result _____
-possible in pres: If ____, Result _____
-Habitual in past: If ____, Result _____
-contrary to fact: If ____, Result _____ |
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Definition
-Habitual in pres: If~ pres indic, Result~ pres indic
-possible in pres: If~ pres indic, Result~ future (or ir + a + inf)
-Habitual in past: If~ imperfect, Result~ imperfect
-contrary to fact: If~ past subjunc, Result~ conditional |
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Term
| Imperfect: -When to use -formula -endings |
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Definition
P: Progress (I was -ing),
A: Age (when I was 10),
T: Time (on clock),
C: Conditions (ongoing),
H: Habitual
-AR= aba, abas, aba, ábamos, aban
-IR= ía, ías, ía, íamos, ían |
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Term
Informal tu Commands:
-Positive Irregulars |
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Definition
decir:di
hacer:haz
ir:ve
poner:pon
salir:sal
tener:ten
ser: sé
venir: ven |
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Term
Informal tu Commands:
-Negative Irregulars |
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Definition
Car, gar, zar
Buscar: no busques
Llegar: no llegues
Almorzar: no almuerces
SIDES: Saber, Ir, Dar, Estar, Ser |
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Term
Present Subjunctive:
-irregulars
-stem changers |
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Definition
Stem changers: (the boot)
yo, tu, el, ellos
-ar/-er: back to original vowel
-ir: e~i, o~u
Irregulars: car, gar, zar, DISHES |
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Term
| Past Participle Irregulars |
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Definition
Abrir: abierto
cubrir: cubierto
decir: dicho
hacer: hecho
morir: muerto
poner: puesto
romper: roto
ver: visto
volver: vuelto |
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Term
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Definition
Irregulars:
dir, habr, har, pondr, podr, querr, sabr, saldr, tendr, vendr |
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Term
Conditional Irregular Stems:
-Same as _______? |
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Definition
Future!
dir, habr, har, pondr, podr, querr, sabr, saldr, tendr, vendr |
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Term
Past Subjunctive Irregular Stems:
-Same as _____? |
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Definition
Preterite!
dij, tuv, estuv, sup, pus, quis, vin, traj
+ hiciera, hubiera, fuera |
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Term
Preterite:
Irregular endings |
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Definition
Irregular:
e
iste
o
imos
ieron
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