Term
| Ethnic-Racial Group Identity |
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Definition
| Ethnic-group identity exists when individuals choose to emphasize cultural or national ties as the basis for their primary social interactions and sense of self. |
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Term
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Definition
Straying away from cultural norms
Crime!
A negative response from group to group
If you are black your 33% more likely to go to prison than college
Racial profiling (blacks are more apt to get sentenced to death) |
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Definition
People only go to places where they feel comfortable
They don’t want to be with different groups |
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Definition
Riots
Civil disobedience- you go against an injust law, but in an orderly way. Ghandi and MLK. |
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Term
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Definition
The result of social conditioning, differential treatment, or both, causing people or groups to believe themselves inferior
Can cause people to accept their fate passively
Can encourage personal shame for possessing undesired qualities or antipathy toward other members of the group for possessing them |
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Term
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Definition
A vicious circle in which prejudice and discrimination perpetuate each other.
The pattern of expectation and reaction may produce desirable or undesirable results |
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Term
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Definition
| Minority group members sometimes find themselves caught in a conflict between their own identity and values and the necessity to behave in a certain way to gain acceptance by the dominant group |
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Term
| The Model of Middleman Minorities |
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Definition
Suggested by Hubert Blalock
Based on a dominant-subordinate stratification system, places middleman minorities in an intermediate rather than low-status position. |
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Definition
| The physical separation of a minority people from the rest of society |
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Definition
| Involves confining participation in social, service, political and other types of activities to members of the in-group |
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Definition
The undue fear of or contempt for strangers or foreigners
This almost hysterical response begins with ethnocentric views.
Ethnocentrism encourages the creation of negative stereotypes that can escalate through some catalyst into a highly emotional reaction. |
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Term
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Definition
Killing all the men, women, and children of a particular group
Annihilation goes back to ancient times.
In modern times, various countries have used extermination as a means of solving the so-called race problem.
Annihilation sometimes occurs unintentionally. |
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Term
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Definition
| Based on her split labor market theory, Bonacich argues that ethnic antagonism results from the combination of economic exploitation by employers and economic competition between two or more groups of laborers that produces wage differential for labor. |
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Term
| Assimilation (Majority-Conformity) Theory |
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Definition
the functioning within a society of racial or ethnic minority-group members who lack any marked cultural, social or personal differences from the people of the majority group
Types of assimilation
Cultural assimilation
Marital assimilation
Structural assimilation |
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Term
| Amalgamation (Melting Pot) Theory |
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Definition
| all the diverse peoples blend their biological and cultural differences into an altogether new breed—the American |
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Term
| Accommodation (Pluralistic) Theory |
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Definition
| minorities can maintain their distinctive subcultures and simultaneously interact with relative equality in the larger society |
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Term
| “The Law of the Return of the Third Generation” |
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Definition
Marcus Hansen conceptualized a normal pattern of ethnic revival.
The third generation, more secure in its U.S. identity, becomes interested in the ethnic heritage the second generation neglected in its efforts to overcome discrimination and marginality. |
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Term
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Definition
Refers to the sustained ties of persons, and networks, across national borders that result from international migration patterns and refugee flows
Instead of a permanent move from one country to another, today’s immigrants retain intense, interconnected, even legitimized links than ever before. |
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Definition
Refers to actual or virtual resources available to an individual group through a “durable network” of “institutionalized relationships of mutual acquaintance and recognition”
Less successful communities display a short-term commitment to their host country and are less able to provide their members with important services |
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Term
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Definition
Hypothesis that suggests a variety of outcomes among, and even within, contemporary immigrant streams
This hypothesis argues that one model does not fit all groups or even all members of any group |
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Term
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Definition
After five years of continuous legal residence in the U.S., immigrants are eligible to become naturalized citizens
The longer the residence in the U.S., the higher the percentage of naturalized citizens.
Those who arrived in the 1970s have a higher percent of naturalized citizens than those who arrived in the 1980’s, who have a higher rate of naturalization than those who arrived in the 1990s. |
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Term
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Definition
After five years of continuous legal residence in the U.S., immigrants are eligible to become naturalized citizens
The longer the residence in the U.S., the higher the percentage of naturalized citizens.
Those who arrived in the 1970s have a higher percent of naturalized citizens than those who arrived in the 1980’s, who have a higher rate of naturalization than those who arrived in the 1990s. |
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Term
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Definition
An occasional means for native-born U.S. residents to reaffirm their cultural heritage.
These activities sometimes are carryovers from the old country, but sometimes they are of U.S. origin, as with Kwanzaa. |
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Term
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Definition
In 2006, 64 percent of the nearly 1.3 million immigrants who came
to the United States
entered through just
six states.
Opposition to current immigration
Results from concern about the ability of the U.S. to absorb so many immigrants, and foreigners being perceived as gaining political control
Additional concerns about immigration focus on economics including jobs, wages and services |
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Term
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Definition
Teaching subjects in both English and the student’s native language
Programs for limited-English-proficiency students (LEP)
Between 1979 and 2004, the number of school-age children who spoke a language other than English at home increased from 9 to 19 percent.
If current trends continue, by 2010, children of immigrants may constitute 25 percent of the total K–12 student population. |
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