ribosomes

turn proteins into amino acids

mitochondria

respiration occurs here

releases energy

golgi bodies

waste processors

chloroplasts

centers for making chlorophyll

take sun's energy and turns it into glucose

leucoplasts

make fats and starches

amino acid

there are 20

they make up a series of proteins

uracil

found in RNA

replaces thymine

guanine

found in DNA & RNA

matches cytosine

cytosine

matches with thymine in DNA

bile

builds up in the bile duct

used to break down fats

maltose

type of sugar

sucrose

fruit sugar

mechanical digestion

chewing up food

digestion

grinding up food

pushing food along

cellulose

material that makes up plants

carbohydrate

parthenogenesis

fertilization

tetanus

a disease that infects wounds

usually comes from rusted metals

parasites

feed off of other organisms

carriers

organisms that are able to pass on genes without actually having the trait itself

pathogens

cause disease

bacteria

erythromblastosis fetails

RH factor disease

homozygote

organism that has the same two characteristics

[RR or rr]

heterozygote

has one of each characteristic

[Bb]

haploid

single set of chromosomes in sex-cells

diploid

two sets of chromosomes

found in all cells

Trisomy 21

21st chromosome having three copies that causes retardation

gene pool

all the genes in a particular population

this helps to create variability

natural selection

nature does the selecting

those who make the changes survive, whereas the others die out

acquired characteristics

organisms obtain these during their lifetime

and these characteristics cannot be passed on

integimentary system

the skin