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| A cation is an atom that has a surplus __ charge |
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| Term used to describe a chemical reaction where a substance loses electrons |
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| A strong acid should yield a pH level of |
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| double bonds in their fatty acid chains |
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| Which functional group(s) is polar and tend to make oraganic compounds hydrophillic or water soluble? |
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| carbonyl, carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino. |
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| A lipid substance containing three faty acid chains and a glyceride is a ___ |
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| Proton. AMU? Relative Charge? |
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| Neutron, AMU? Relative Charge? |
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| Malleable, forms ionic bonds with non-metals, conducts electricity well. |
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| double stranded, has one less oxygen in the sugar molecule. |
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| Glycolysis breaks down glucose molecules into __ and produces a net gain of __ ATP for each glucose molecule. |
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| The movement of individual solute molecules from regions of lower concentration to higher concetration is known as |
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| This cellular component can be found at the base of each flagellum or cilia |
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| Electron microscopy achieves far superior resolution and maginification because |
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| the electron microscope uses elctromagnets to focus the image of the sample and light microscopes using the regular glass lens for focusing the image. |
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| Electron microscopy achieves far superior resolution and maginification because |
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| the electron microscope uses elctromagnets to focus the image of the sample and light microscopes using the regular glass lens for focusing the image. |
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| What is the role of NADPH in photosynthesis |
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| It carries electrons from the light-dependent reactions to the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle). |
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| The hydrophobic core of the cell membrane restricts the passage of ___ molecules |
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| __ is the term used to describe stacks of thylakoid membranes in the chloroplast |
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| The main region of the cell includes |
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| Cell recognition: Critical for immune system function. Channel: Allow for the proper flow of selected nutrients in and wastes out of the cell. Enzymatic: Membrane protein that also functions as an enzyme. |
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| A chemical reaction that requires or absorbs energy |
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| Four ways enzymes lower activation energy |
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| Align substrate, promote acid/base reactions in side chains, prevent h20 from interfering, Bring substrates together on the active site. |
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| Passive Diffusion the rate and speed of the solute movement across the cell membrane is dependent on several factors such as |
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| Concentrations of solute, temperature, charge, shape. |
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| The orientation of DNA is described as either being 5--3 or 3--5 this designation is based on |
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| the numbering of the carbon atoms in the sugar molecule |
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| Gregor mendels law of independent assortment affirms that random seperation of |
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| genes located on different pairs of homologous chromosomes |
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| 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes. |
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| An inidividual with XXY genotype has |
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| A gene frameshift is considered a __ that is __ likely to cause significant harm to the cell or ogranism |
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| Only __ out of 64 possible triplet combinations code for or signal an amino acid. |
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| A female who expresses the color blindness phenotype has this genotype |
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| and autosomal recessive disorder |
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| Three steps of transcription |
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| Dna in nucleus contains triplet code. RNA copies genetic information. Introns are removed before Rna leaves the nucleus. |
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| Large, extensive kelp forests off the coast off San Diego are mainly comprised of this type of algae |
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| Chemoautotrophs are capable of obtaining their energy from |
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| inorganic chemicals instead of sunlight |
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| components of outer membranes |
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| The name angiosperm means naked seed |
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| The __ causes the seasons of the years |
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| Prostists are __ considered the oldest life form |
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| The vast majority of plants living today are gymno sperms |
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| Another term for the phrase open ocean is the term "Benthic zone" |
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| Three areas of study that support the theory of evolution |
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| study of fossils, comparative anatomy, comparative embryology. |
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| Three positive uses of prokaryotes |
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| clean oil spills, aid in digestion, production of fermented foods/spirits. |
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| The key adaptions of plants to terrestrial life |
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| leaves, vascular tissue, roots. |
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| Desert: extreme temperatures; growth tied to rainfall. Arctic tundra: permafrost, wind, extreme cold. Savannah: large grasslands, animals migrate during droughts. Tropical: very high diversity, complex structure. |
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| Four abiotic factors that determine the biospheres dynamics |
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| water, wind, solar energy, natural disasters. |
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