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Final Exam Science
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55
Science
9th Grade
06/11/2011

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Term
earthquakes
Definition
VIbrations caused by sudden movement of surface rocks are
Term
volcanologist
Definition
which scientist studies volcanoes
Term
seismologst
Definition
which scientist studies earthquakes and seismic waves
Term
L-Wave
Definition
which seismic wave is the last to arrive at a seismic recording station
Term
p-wave
Definition
which seismic wave is the fastest
Term
epicenter
Definition
what do we call the place on the earth's surface where the earthquake occurs
Term
focus
Definition
the point at which an earthquake originates
Term
composite
Definition
the volcanoes found in the western u.s. tend to be of this type
Term
composite volcano
Definition
what type of volcano is composed of alternating layers of lava and ash
Term
shield volcano
Definition
what type of volcano has a broad, flat cone shape with gently sloping sides
Term
seismographs
Definition
seismic vibrations can be detected by sensitive instruments called
Term
pacific
Definition
the most acticce earthquake belt circles the ____ocean
Term
california and alaska
Definition
which two states in the u.s. are earthquakes most likely to occur
Term
richter scale
Definition
which scale is used to determine the magniture of an earthquake
Term
G-wave
Definition
which of the following is not a type of seismic wave
Term
Tsunami
Definition
what do we call a giant sea wave causes by an earthquake
Term
lithosphere
Definition
which part of the earth contains the crust
Term
cinder cone
Definition
which type of volcano is formed by explosive eruptions and tends to have a norrow base with steep sides
Term
ring of fire
Definition
what is the name of the major earthquake anf volcano zone that surroinds the pacific
Term
Kshielf
Definition
Term
shield
Definition
kilaeau is a dome shaped volcano that was formed by quite lava flows. what type of vacano is it
Term
decreases
Definition
the intensity of an earthquake____ as the distance from the epicenter increases
Term
continental drift
Definition
Alfred Wegner proposed a theory of
Term
Pangea
Definition
the name of the super continent that began beaking apart close to 200 million years ago
Term
convection
Definition
is the process by which hot material from deep within the earth rises while cooler material near the surface sinks, creating a curcular pattern
Term
convergent
Definition
the type of tectonic plate boundry involving a collision between two tectonic plates is
Term
divergent
Definition
when 2 tectonic plates move away, the boundary between them is called
Term
tectonic plates
Definition
most earthquakes occur along or near the edges of the earths
Term
divergent boundaries
Definition
mid ocean ridges are associated with
Term
mid ocean ridges
Definition
long undersea mountains chains that form divergent boundaries are called
Term
plate tectonics
Definition
a theory that helps explain the causes of both earthquakes and volc. is
Term
lithosphere
Definition
layer of earth made up of tectonic plates
Term
connected to one another
Definition
fossils of glossopteris........
Term
mountain ranges form
Definition
continental continental collision causes
Term
when an oceanic plate and another plate converge
Definition
subduction occurs when
Term
normal boundary
Definition
himilayan mountain range
Term
lava
Definition
molten rock that reaches the earths surface
Term
deform
Definition
when rocks shape is changed due to stress
Term
normal fault
Definition
is a fault in which the foot wall moved down in relation to the hanging wall
Term
thrust fault
Definition
a reverse fault where the hanging wall slides over the foot wall
Term
tension
Definition
a stress that pulls apart rocks from the crust
Term
syncline
Definition
a downward fold in rocks
Term
foot wall
Definition
block or rock below a fault
Term
stress tensin
Definition
the force that push and pull on the earths crust causing it to deform
Term
isostasy
Definition
act on rocks to pull them apart
Term
isostasy
Definition
a balance between a downward force and the upward foce oft the mantle
Term
dome
Definition
round area shaped like a sphere
Term
compression
Definition
type of stress to squeeze rocks together
Term
mantle
Definition
llayer of the earth that the crust floats on
Term
lateral fault
Definition
reverse fault in which the the blocks move horizontally past eachother
Term
anticline
Definition
an upward fold on rocks
Term
fracture
Definition
a break or crack where little or no movement occurs
Term
rift valley
Definition
formed when the block of land between 2 normal faults slieds down
Term
hanging wall
Definition
block above a fault
Term
anticline
Definition
fold where rocks look like upside down bowl
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