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Definition
| the study of matter and energy |
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| a series of steps that scientists use to answer questions and solve problems |
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| the application of knowledge, tools, and materials to solve problems and accomplish tasks. |
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| use of the senses to gather information |
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| a possible explanation or answer to a question |
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| any pieces of information acquired through experimentation. |
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a unifying explanation for a broad range of hypotheses and
observations that have been supported by testing. |
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| summary of many experimental results and observations. |
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| a representation of an object or system. |
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Definition
| the basic SI unit for length |
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Definition
| amount of space that something occupies. |
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| the amount of matter that something is made of |
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| the measure of how hot or cold something is |
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| a measure of how much surface an object has. |
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Definition
| anything that has volume and mass |
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Definition
| anything that has volume and mass |
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Definition
| space taken up or occupied by an object |
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Definition
| the curve at a liquid's surface |
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Definition
| a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses |
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Definition
| a measure of the gravitational force on an object. |
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Term
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Definition
| (N), the SI unit of force. |
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Definition
| the tendency of all objects to resist any change in motion. |
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Term
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Definition
| can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter. |
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Definition
| the amount of matter in a given volume. |
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Term
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Definition
describe a substance based on its ability to change into a
new substance with different properties |
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Term
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Definition
| a change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances. |
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Term
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Definition
| the physical forms in which a substance can exist. |
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Term
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Definition
| state of matter that has definite shape and volume. |
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Term
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Definition
| state of matter that takes the shape of its container but has definite volume. |
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Term
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Definition
| state of matter that changes shape and volume. |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of force exerted on a given area. |
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Term
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Definition
| states that for a fixed amount of gas at a given temperature, the volume of a gas increases as its pressure decreases. |
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Term
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Definition
states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure, the
volume of a gas increases as its temperature increases. |
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Term
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Definition
| state of matter that does not have a definite shape or volume and whose particles have broken apart. |
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Term
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Definition
the conversion of a substance from one physical form to
another. |
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Term
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Definition
| change of state from a solid to a liquid. |
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Term
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Definition
| change when energy is absorbed or taken in by the substance as it changes state. |
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Term
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Definition
| change of state from a liquid to a solid. |
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Term
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Definition
change when energy is removed from or taken out of the
substance as it changes state. |
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Term
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Definition
| change of state from a liquid to a gas. |
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Term
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Definition
vaporization that occurs at the surface of a liquid below its
boiling point. |
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Term
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Definition
| vaporization that occurs throughout a liquid. |
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Term
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Definition
| change of state from a gas to a liquid. |
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Definition
| change of state from a solid directly to a gas. |
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Definition
| a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means. |
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Definition
| a substance in which there is only one type of particle. |
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Definition
| elements that are shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, and are easily shaped into different forms. |
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Term
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Definition
| elements that are dull, poor conductors of heat and electricity, and tend to be brittle and unmalleable. |
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Term
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Definition
| elements which are also called semiconductors that have similar properties to both metals and nonmetals. |
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Term
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Definition
| a pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined. |
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Term
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Definition
a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically
combined |
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Term
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Definition
a mixture that appears to be a single substance but is composed of
particles of two or more substances that are distributed evenly amongst each other. |
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Definition
| the substance that is dissolved. |
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Term
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Definition
| the substance in which the solute is dissolved. |
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Term
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Definition
| solid solutions of metals or nonmetals dissolved in metals. |
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Term
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Definition
| a measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent. |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of solute needed to make a saturated solution using a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature. |
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Term
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Definition
| a mixture in which particles of a material are dispersed throughout a liquid or a gas but are large enough that they settle out |
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Definition
| a mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out. |
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Term
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Definition
| a mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out. |
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance. |
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Term
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Definition
| negatively charged particles found in all atoms. |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny center of an atom that is extremely dense and positively charged. |
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Term
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Definition
| region inside the atom where electrons are likely to be found. |
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Term
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Definition
| positively charged particles of the nucleus. |
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Term
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Definition
| (amu), the SI unit used to measure the masses of particles in atoms. |
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Term
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Definition
| particles of the nucleus that have no charge. |
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Term
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Definition
| the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. |
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Term
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Definition
atoms that have the same number of protons but have different
numbers of neutrons. |
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Term
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Definition
| atoms that have a different number of electrons than protons. |
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Term
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Definition
| the sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom. |
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Term
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Definition
| the weighted average of the masses of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element. |
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Term
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Definition
| a regular, repeating pattern. |
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Term
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Definition
states that the chemical and physical properties of elements are
periodic functions of their atomic numbers. |
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Term
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Definition
| horizontal row of elements from left to right on the periodic table. |
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Term
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Definition
| column or family of elements from top to bottom on the periodic table. |
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Term
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Definition
| very reactive metals that are soft, silver-colored, shiny, and have a low densities, found in the first column of the periodic table. |
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Term
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Definition
| reactive metals but less reactive metals than the alkali metals that are also silver-colored and more dense, found in the second column of the periodic table. |
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Term
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Definition
very reactive nonmetals that are poor conductors of electricity and
react violently with alkali metals. |
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Term
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Definition
unreactive nonmetals that are colorless and odorless gases at room
temperature. |
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Term
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Definition
| an object that appears to stay in place. |
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Term
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Definition
when an object changes position over time when compared with a
reference point. |
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Term
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Definition
| the rate at which an object moves. |
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Term
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Definition
| the speed of an object in a particular direction. |
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Term
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Definition
| the rate at which velocity changes. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the SI unit to measure force (N). |
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Term
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Definition
the force that results from combining all of the forces exerted on an
object. |
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Term
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Definition
force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching, four
types are sliding, rolling, fluid, and static. |
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Term
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Definition
| force of attraction between objects due to their masses. |
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Term
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Definition
an object falling with a net force of zero and falls at a
constant velocity. |
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Term
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Definition
when only gravity is pulling down and no other forces are acting upon
the object, must be in a vacuum or in space. |
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Term
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Definition
the curved path an object follows when thrown or propelled
near the surface of the Earth |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency of all objects to resist any change in motion. |
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Term
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Definition
the property of a moving object that depends on the object's mass
and velocity. |
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Term
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Definition
Side plus side plus side plus
side equals perimeter
Any unit of length
Ex.) m, cm, mm, km, in, ft, yd, mi |
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Term
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Definition
Side times side equals
area of a square
Any unit of length squared
Ex.) m2, cm2, mm2, km2, in2, ft2, yd2, mi2 |
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Term
Area of a rectangle
l x w |
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Definition
Length times width equals
area of a rectangle
Any unit of length squared
Ex.) m2, cm2, mm2, km2, in2, ft2, yd2, mi2 |
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Term
Area of a triangle
b x h
2 |
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Definition
Base times height divided by
two equals area of a triangle
Any unit of length squared
Ex.) m2, cm2, mm2, km2, in2, ft2, yd2, mi2 |
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Term
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Definition
Length times width times
height equals volume
Any unit of length cubed
Ex.) m3, cm3, mm3, km3, in3, ft3, yd3, mi3 |
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Term
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Definition
Mass divided by volume
equals density
Any unit of mass divided by any unit of volume
Ex.) g/cm3, kg/m3, kg/L, g/mL
*1mL = 1cm3 |
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Term
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Definition
Speed equals distance divided by time
Any unit of distance divided by any unit of time
Ex.) mi/hr, m/s, cm/yr, km/hr |
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Term
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Definition
Velocity equals distance divided by time in a certain direction
Any unit of distance divided by any unit of time in a certain direction
Ex.) mi/hr forward, m/s north, cm/yr east, km/hr up the hill |
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Term
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Definition
Momentum equals mass times velocity
Any unit of mass times any unit of velocity
Ex.) kg x m/s,
g x cm/yr |
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