Details Title: Final 2 Description: Chapter 4-? Total Flash Cards: 66 Created: 05/13/2009 11:56:59		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Debate/Speech Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Preselected Purpose Definition Instructor usually tells you to give a particular speech, select a topic compatible with the purpose. Term Highly Structured Assignment Definition Asked to incorporate several specific speech components. I.E Visual Aids, citations, style of language or particular organization pattern Term Instructor as an audience Definition Instructor is a skilled public speaker, must select topic that is stimulating and instructor appreciates Term Class members as an audience Definition Beginners in Public speaking, avoid commonly used topics, keep instructor in mind as well as classmates Term Speech Topic #1 Definition Outline the requirements of the speech assignment Term Step #2 Definition Match your interests or expertise to these requirements. I.E What you like to do, what you like to talk about, what would you like to know more about. Term Step #3 Definition Matching your expertise to a speech. I.E, what you are good at, what comes natural, what runs in the family Term Brainstorming Definition Process of generating ideas randomly and uncritically without attention to logic, connections or relevance. Term Brainstorming by free association Definition unstructured brainstorming, generating many random ideas and thoughts. Letting your thoughts flow freely Term Brainstorming by Clustering Definition Visual way to brainstorm, central idea with others branching from that central idea. Term Brainstorming by categories Definition List concepts, objects, plans and policies, events, people, problems, natural phenomena, places and processes with sub point under each one Term Brainstorming by technology Definition Using technology such as the internet, online indexes for journals, newspapers, books and magazines to browse topics and get ideas. Term Narrowing your topic Definition What exactly is the topic, does my audience want to hear it, do i have enough time, should i narrow topic more, who is my audience. Term General Purpose (Articulate your Purpose) Definition Speech's broad goal, to inform, to invite, persuade, introduce, commemorate or accept Term Specific Purpose Definition Focused statement that identifies exactly what a speaker wants to accomplish with a speech Term To inform Definition describe, clarify, explain, define Term To invite Definition explore, discuss, exchange, understand Term to persuade Definition Change, shape, influence, motivate Term to introduce Definition acquaint, present, familiarize, Term to commemorate Definition Praise, honor, pay tribute Term to accept Definition receive an award, express gratitude Term Behavioral objects (Specific Purpose) Definition Actions a speaker wants the audience to take at the end of a speech Term Thesis Statement (Central Idea) Definition Statement that summarizes in a single declarative sentence the main ideas, assumptions or arguments you want to express in your speech Term Dialogue Definition Interaction, connection and exchange of ideas and opinions with others Term Audience Centered Definition Acknowledging your audience by considering and listening to the unique, diverse and common perspectives of its members before, during and after your speech Term Master Statuses Definition Significant positions a person occupies within a society that affect that persons identity in almost all social situations. I.E race, ethnicity, gender, physical ability, sexual orientation, age, economic standing, religion, education level Term Status to Master Status Definition Changes to master status when it profoundly influences a persons identity and the way in which he or she is perceived Term Standpoint Definition Perspective from which a person views and evaluates society Term Attitude Definition General positive or negative feeling a person has about something ( Likes, dislikes, approval, disapproval) Term Belief Definition Persons idea of what is real or true or not. More conceptual than attitudes, reflect what we think we know Term value Definition Persons idea of what is good, worthy or important. What we think is an ideal world or state of being. Term To be audience centered Definition Speaker must consider the significant influence of master statuses, standpoints, attitudes, beliefs, and values on audiences Term demographic audience analysis Definition Analysis that identifies the particular population traits of an audience (age, country of origin, ethnicity and race, religion, gender..... Term empathy Definition Trying to see and understand the world as another person does Term speaking environment Definition Time and place in which a speaker will speak Term Speaking environment considerations Definition Size of the audience, physical arrangement of the speaking site, the availability of technology, the time of day, where their speech falls into a series of presentations and the length of time to give speech Term research inventory Definition List of the types of information you have for your speech and the types you want to find Term information overload Definition When we take in more information than we can process but realize there still is information we are expected to know Term Evaluating Internet Info Definition Is the information reliable, is the information authoritative, how current is the information, how complete is the information, is the information relevant, is the information consistent and unbiased Term Plagiarism Definition Presenting another persons words and ideas as your own Term patchwork plagiarism Definition Constructing a complete speech that you present as your own from portions of several different sources Term Global Plagiarism Definition Stealing an entire speech from a single source and presenting it as your own Term Incremental Plagiarism Definition Presenting select portions from a single speech as your own Term Examples Definition Specific instances used to illustrate a concept, experience, issue or problem Term Real example Definition Instance that actually took place Term Hypothetical Example Definition Instance that could have taken place, but didn't. Grounded on research of real experience Term When to use examples Definition To clarify concepts, to reinforce points, to bring concepts to life or to elicit emotions, to build your case or make credible generalizations. Term Tips for using examples Definition Is the example relevant and appropriate, is the hypothetical example ethical, are there enough examples to support your claim and have you accounted for the counterexamples. Term Narrative Definition Story that recounts or foretells real or hypothetical events Term Brief Narratives Definition (Vignettes) Illustrate a specific point Term Extended Narrative Definition Longer story that makes an evolving connection with a broader point Term When to use narratives Definition To personalize a point, to challenge an audience to think in new ways, to draw an audience in emotionally, to unite with your audience. Term Tips for using Narratives Definition Does it make a specific point, is the length appropriate, is the language vivid and the delivery appropriate to the story, is the story appropriate for my audience Term Intertextuality Definition Process in which stories reference other stories or rely on parts of other stories to be complete Term Statistics Definition Numerical summaries of facts, figures, and research finding Term When to use statistics Definition When the numbers tell a powerful story, when numerical evidence strengthens a claim Term Tips for using Statistics Definition Evaluate statistics carefully and use statistics sparingly Term Testimony Definition Opinions or observations of others Term direct quotation Definition Exact word for word presentation of anothers testimony Term paraphrase Definition Summary of another's testimony in the speakers own words Term Expert testimony Definition Testimony of someone considered an authority in a particular field Term Peer testimony Definition Testimony of someone who has firsthand knowledge of a topic Term Personal testimony Definition Own testimony that you use to convey a point Term When to use testimony Definition When you need the voice of an expert, to illustrate differences or agreements, when your experience says it best, paraphrase testimony to improve listenability. Term Tips for using Testimony Definition Is the source credible, is it biased, have you paraphrased accurately, is it connected to your point Term When to use definitions Definition To clarify and create understanding, clarify an emotionally or politically charged word, to illustrate what something is not, to trace the history of the word (etymology)