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Expansion of Europe 18th cent.
terms
18
History
Not Applicable
08/30/2005

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Cards

Term
open field system
Definition
Large fields are shared by peasants. This system was in use until the enclosure movement.
Term
The Gleaners
Definition
Painting that depicts the hardships of workers who have to live off of the scraps of others.
Term
Cornelius Vermuyden
Definition
Dutch engineer who went to England to teach them how to reclaim land from swamps.
Term
Charles Townsend
Definition
Man obsessed with the powers of turnips. Used turnips to replenish the nitrogen in the soil, allowing other crops to grow.
Term
Jethro Tull
Definition
Inventor who produced the drill which made plowing and sowing seeds easier.
Term
enclosure
Definition
Movement that attempted to privatize all farms rather than continue using the open field system that was in effect.
Term
proletarianization of farming
Definition
The mass conversion of small peasant farmers into landless rural wage workers
Term
cottage industry
Definition
Used industrial production to create a new form of labor. Same thing as the domestic system.
Term
domestic system
Definition
Also called the cottage system, a early version of the industrial revolution. Referred to the establishment of regular factories designed for the production of goods.
Term
putting-out system
Definition
System in which a merchant provides manufacturers with raw materials, the manufacturers make the goods and send them back to the merchants.
Term
spinster
Definition
An unmarried woman who must spin for a living.
Term
Holy Monday
Definition
Break from work that workers in the putting out observed “religiously.”
Term
mercantilism
Definition
The economic theory that there are a limited amount of resources in the world and a government must do everything in its power to acquire the highest percentage of these resources.
Term
Navigation Acts
Definition
Acts that required British goods to be transported on British ships.
Term
creoles
Definition
People of European descent who were born in Spanish colonies.
Term
Mestizos
Definition
Racially mixed children of Creoles of European descent and the native Indians
Term
debt peonage
Definition
Form of labor in which people work in exchange for periodical food, shelter, and money.
Term
Adam Smith
Definition
Man who believed in the free enterprise economic system. Also outlined the three duties of a government.
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