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Details Title: Examination of Coordination Description: Chapter 7 Total Flash Cards: 44 Created: 10/02/2006 18:32:49	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term The primary function of the ________ is regulation of movement, postural control, and muscle tone. Definition cerebellum Term An inability to judge the distance or range of a movement. Definition Dysmetria (Cerebellar Pathology) Term Akinesia (Basal Ganglia Pathology) Definition An inability to initiate movement Term Athetosis (athetoid) (Basal Ganglia Pathology) Definition Characterized by slow, involuntary, writhing, twisting, "wormlike" movements. Term Bradykinesia (Basal Ganglia Pathology) Definition A decreased amplitude and velocity of voluntary movement. Term Chorea (Basal Ganglia Pathology) Definition Charactherized by involuntary, rapid, irregular, and jerky movements involving multiple joints. Term Nystagmus (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition A rhythmic, quick, oscillatory, back-and-forth movement of the eyes. Term Dysdiadochokinesia (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition An impaired ability to perform rapid alternating movements. Term Asthenia (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition Generlaized muscle weakness Term Asynergy (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition Loss of ability to associate muscles togehter for complex movements Term Delayed reaction time (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition increased time to initiate voluntary movement Term Dysmetria (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition inability to judge the distance or range of a movement. Term Dyssynergia (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition Movement performed in a sequence of component parts rather than as a single, smooth activity; decomposition Term Gait disorders (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition Ataxic pattern; broad base of support; postural instability; high-guard position of UE's Term Hypotonia (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition Decrease in muscle tone Term Hypermetria (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition Overestimation of distance or range needed to accomplish the movement. Term Hypometria (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition Underestimation of distance or range needed to accomplish the movement Term Rebound phenomenon (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition Inability to halt forceful movements after resistive stimulus removed; patient unable to stop sudden limb motion Term Tremor (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition Involuntary oscillatory movement resulting from alternate contractions of opposing muscle groups. Term Intention tremor {kinetic} (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition Oscillatory movement during voluntary motion; increases as the limb nears the target; diminished or absent at rest. Term Postural tremors {static} (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition Exaggerated oscillatory movement of the body in standing posture of of a limb held against gravity. Term Titubation (Cerebellar Pathology) Definition Rhythmic oscillations of the head; axial involvement of the trunk. Term Choreoathetosis (Basal Ganglia Pathology) Definition Movement disorder of both chorea and athetosis Term Dystonia (Basal Ganglia Pathology) [Dystonic movements] Definition Sustained involuntary contractions of agonist and antagonist muscles. Term Hemiballismus (Basal Ganglia Pathology) Definition Large-amplitude sudden, violent, flailing motions of the arm and leg of one side of the body. Term Hyperkinesis (Basal Ganglia Pathology) Definition Abnormally increased muscle activity or movement Term Hypokinesis (Basal Ganglia Pathology) Definition Decreased motor response especially to a specific stimulus Term Rigidity (Basal Ganglia Pathology) Definition Increase in muscle tone causing greater resistance to passive movement; greater in flexor muscles. Term Leadpipe rigidity (Basal Ganglia Pathology) Definition Uniform, constant resistance as limb is moved. Term Cogwheel rigidity (Basal Ganglia Pathology) Definition Series of brief relaxations or "catches" as limb is passively moved. Term Tremor [resting] (Basal Ganglia Pathology) Definition Involuntary, rhythmic, oscillatory movement observed at rest. Term Romberg sign Definition Inability to maintain standing balance with the feet together when the eyes are closed; indicative of proprioceptive loss. Term Gross Motor Movements (Motor Task Requirement) Definition Include body posture, balance, and extremity movements involving large muscle groups; examples: crawling, kneeling, standing, walking and running. Term Fine Notor Movements (Motor Task Requirement) Definition Movements concerned with utilization of small muscle groups that involve skillful, controlled manipulation of objects; examples: finger dexterity tasks such as buttoning a shirt, typing, or handwritting. Term Mobility (Motor Task Requirement) Definition Initial movement occuring within a functional pattern Term Stability (Motor Task Requirement) Definition (static postural control) The ability to maintain a steady position in a weightbearing, antigravity posture. Term Controlled mobility (Motor Task Requirement) Definition (dynamic postural control) The ability to alter a position or change positions while maintaining stability. Term Static dynamic control (Motor Task Requirement) Definition A variation of controlled mobility and refers to the ability to shift weight onto one limb and free the contralateral limb for nonweightbearing dynamic activities. Term Skill (Motor Task Requirement) Definition Highly coordinated movement that allows interation with the environment Term Alternative or reciprocal motion (Movement capabilities) Definition The ability to reverse movement between opposing muscle groups Term Movement composition or synergy (Movement capabilities) Definition Involves movement control achieved by muscle groups acting together. Term Movement accuracy (Movement capabilities) Definition The ability to guage or judge distance and speed of voluntary movement Term Fixation or limb holding (Movement capabilities) Definition Addresses the ability to hold the position of an individual limb or limb segment. Term Equilibrium (Movement capabilities) Definition [Postural stability] The ability to maintain balance in response to alterations in center of gravity and/or base of support.