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| Red blood cell; carry oxygen bound to hemoglobin- transport oxygen |
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| White blood cell; destroys invading organisms & removes wastes- eat infection |
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| fragments megakaryocytes; participate in blood clotting to protect body from bleeding |
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| separation blood into two components; measures percentage packed red cells whole blood |
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| component who in partnership with ion carries oxygen around tissues of body; color test, electrophoresis |
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| hormone stimulates red blood cell production |
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| liquid component blood; substances found plasma: water, proteins, nutrients, electrolytes; pale yellow fluid composed 91% water; 55% total blood volume |
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| watery fluid that remains after blood clot removed |
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| piece clot becomes dislodged & travels to brain or lung & causes block blood flow to an area that can lead to death of the tissue |
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| does not destroy the clot; prevent clotting; interfere with different stages clot formation |
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| carries blood away from heart: left to neck & head, internal to brain form circle arteries at base called circle of Willis; checked for patnecy, if blocked could cause stroke |
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| vessels that branch off ascending aorta & supply heart muscle |
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| supply brain & neck; level cranium form single basilar artery supplying areas around brain stem & cerebellum |
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| allow exhanges between blood & air in lungs (cells); connect arterioles & venules; only endothelium; single layer cells; allows water, substances, & oxygen diffuse across from blood to tissue; allows wastes diffuse back across from tissues to blood be taken for disposal |
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| Originates & ascends out left & right coronary arteries; arches & then descends into thoracic & abdominal cavities; splits at umbilicus & changes name to common iliac arteries; all major arteries that supply body branch off of sections aorta including organs of thoracic & abdominopelvic cavities |
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| tissue fiters body fluids; spleen largest |
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| Filtration blood, destruction old red cells ("graveyard" RBCs), production (lymphocytes & phagocytes) red cells before birth, storage blood (used emergencies); located upper left quadrant (left hypochondriac region) abdomen just beneath diaphragm & normally protected by lower rib cage; largest lymphoid organ; can live without- just more prone infection |
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| processing T lymphocytes (T cells); secretiom thymosin-stimulates T cells in lymphoid tissue; shrinks in size after puberty; located upper thoracic; role developing immune system before & few months after birth |
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| (throat); carries air into respiratory tract & food into digestive tract; behind oral cavity & between nasal cavities; three parts: naso", oro", laryngo"; contains eustachian tubes & tonsils |
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| (voice box); contains vocal cords; consists of glottis & epiglottis; located next trachea; 3 functions: passageway air during breathing, produces sound, prevents food & foreign objects from entering trachea; made of cartilage, muscle, ligaments |
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| (windpipe); extends from lower edge larynx downward into thoracic, then splits into left & right bronchi |
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| tiny sacs where gases are exchanged that are surrounded by capillaries, surfactant eases expansion lungs; only structures involved external gas exchange of oxyen & carbon dioxide |
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| Thoracic separated from abdominal by muscular partition |
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| (between rib); when contract, rib cage moves up & out, increasing width thoracic |
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| respiratory control center sets basic breathing rhythm; sensitive effects narcotics |
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| pneumotaxic & apneustic center which control breathing patterns |
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| Pathway drop blood follows & when (un)OXYGENATED |
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| Right atrium--> tricuspid valve--> right ventricle--> pulmonary artery --> lungs--> LEFT ATRIUM--> MITRAL VALVE--> LEFT VENTRICLE--> AORTIC VALVE--> AORTA--> BODY |
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| Where in bone are blood elements produced? |
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| Red bone marrow located ends long bones & inner mass all other bones |
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| Type blood universal donor? |
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| Type blood universal recipient? |
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| Loss red cells may be sudden and acute or gradual and chronic |
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| Caused by excessive red cell destruction |
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| Hemoglobin in many red cells abnormal |
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| Results from deficiency some nutrient |
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| Most common nutritional anemia |
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| deficiency vitamin B12 (essential proper red cell formation) |
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| Caused by variety physical & chemical agents |
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2 located between atria & ventricles of heart
2 valves located between heart & aorta and heart & pulmonary artery |
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| 2 valves between atria & ventricle called AV valves; valve between Rt atria & Rt ventricle- Tricuspid; valve between Lt atria & Lt ventricle-Mitral; makes first heart sound when they close |
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| Pulmonic valve located between Rt ventricle & pulmonary artery; Aortic valve between Lt ventricle & aorta; second heart sound when they close |
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| Part heart's electrical system know as natural pacemaker |
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| Type blood vessels carry oxygenated blood away from heart |
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| Type blood vessels carry unoxygenated blood toward heart |
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| Lymph nodes elevated w/ respiratory infection |
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| near soft palate; removed during tonsillectomy |
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| "adenoids" near opening nasal cavity upper pharynx; can interfere w/ breathing & require surgical removal called adenoidectomy |
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| Type fluid empties into lymphatic vessels |
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| Organs considered be lymphoid organs |
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| Lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils |
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| difficult or labored breathing |
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| difficulty breathing relieved by upright position |
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| lower normal oxygen level in tissues |
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| temporary cessation breathing |
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| irregularity found in critically ill |
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| abnormal increase depth & rate breathing |
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| decrease rate & depth breathing |
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| excessive rate breathing that may be normal, as in exercise |
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| bluish color of skin & mucous membranes caused by insufficient amount oxygen in blood |
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| lower than normal oxygen concentration in arterial blood |
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| cessation of respiration, often result mechanical blockage of respiratory passages |
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