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Exam1
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83
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/23/2012

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Term
Covalent Bond
Definition
Sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms.
Term
Hydrogen Bond
Definition
Interaction of a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom.
Term
Ionic Bond
Definition
Chemical bond formed through an electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions
Term
Which bond gives water its unique properties?
Definition
Hydrogen bonds
Term
Synthesis Reaction
Definition
reactants are combined to synthesize the product. A+B=C
Term
Chemical Energy
Definition
Energy stored in the bonds of moleules
Term
Decomposition Reactions
Definition
reactants are broken down into smaller particles AB=A+B
Term
Exergonic Reactions
Definition
Release energy
Term
All chemical reactions are either
Definition
Exergonic or endergonic
Term
Endergonic Reaction
Definition
chemical reaction in which the standard change in free energy is positive, and energy is absorbed
Term
Catalyst
Definition
causes or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected
Term
Concentration of Solutions
Definition
Percent
Miligrams per deciliter
Molarity, moles per liter
Term
Mole
Definition
Atomic weight of an element or molecular weight of a compound in grams
Term
Solution
Definition
Solute particles are very tiny, do not settle out or scatter light
Term
Colloid
Definition
Solute particles are larger and scatter light; do not settle out. Gelatin.
Term
Suspension
Definition
Solute particles are very large, settle out, and may scatter light. Blood.
Term
Inorganic Compound
Definition
Do not contain carbon
Water, salts, and many acids and bases
Term
Organic Compound
Definition
Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids
Contain carbon, usually large, and are contently bonded
Term
Chemical reactions
Definition
Occur when chemical bonds are formed, rearranged, or broken
Term
Chemical reactions contain
Definition
Molecular formula for each reactant and product

Relative amounts of reactants and products
Term
Acids are
Definition
Proton donors
Term
Bases
Definition
Proton acceptors (take up H+ from soulution)
Term
Monosaccharides
Definition
Single - Glucose fructose
Term
Disaccharides
Definition
Two monosaccharides linked together
Term
Polysaccharides
Definition
Long chains of monosaccharides
Term
Enzymes
Definition
Speed up chemical reactions
Term
3 parts of a cell
Definition
Plasma membrane
Cytoolasm
Nucleus
Term
Cations
Definition
Positive
Term
Anions
Definition
Negative
Term
Plasma Membrane composed of
Definition
Membrane lipids, membrane proteins, carbohydrates
Term
Hypertonic
Definition
Cell shrinks
Term
Hypotonic
Definition
Hemolysis - Blows up
Term
Simple diffusion
Definition
Movement of 02 through phospholipid bilayer
Term
Facilitated Diffusion
Definition
Movement of glucose into cells
Term
Primary Transport
Definition
The 'pump'
Term
Secondary Transport
Definition
the 'wheel' that is turned
Term
Phagocytosis
Definition
Microphages eat big things
Term
Pinocytosis
Definition
Cell sipping smaller molecules
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
ATP synthesis
Term
Ribosomes
Definition
Protein synthesis
Term
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
Modify proteins after they're made and transports them to other sites.
Term
Smooth ER
Definition
Lipid synthesis, detox of drugs, glycogen breakdown
Term
Golgi Apparatus
Definition
Protein sorting
Term
Lysosomes
Definition
garbage man of cell
Term
Cytoskeletal organelles
Definition
Network of rods in cytosol that provide support for cell structure
Term
Microfilaments
Definition
Strands made of spherical protein subunits called actins
Term
Intermediate Filaments
Definition
Tough, insoluble protein fibers constructed like rope
Term
Microtubules
Definition
Hollow tubes of spherical proteins
Term
Desmosomes
Definition
Anchoring junctions bind adjacent cells together
Term
Chromatin
Definition
Structure with nucleosomes
Term
Chromosome pair called
Definition
Homologs
Term
A cell with a full set of chromosomes is called a
Definition
diploid
Term
Haploid
Definition
Cell with only one chromosome from each pair
Term
PMAT
Definition
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Term
Interphase
Definition
Growth and DNA synthesis
Term
Cytokinesis
Definition
Actual division of cell
Term
mRNA
Definition
Base sequence of the transcribed mRNA
Term
Simple squamous found in
Definition
lungs
Term
Simple cuboidal
Definition
Kidney tubules
Term
Simple Culumnar found in
Definition
Digestive tract
Term
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium found in
Definition
Trachea
Term
Stratified Squamous found in
Definition
Lining of esophagus
Term
Transitional found in
Definition
Bladder
Term
Exocrine gland
Definition
hormones secreted out of skin
Term
Endocrine
Definition
Hormones secreted into blood
Term
Merocrine Gland
Definition
Products secreted by exocytosis
Term
Holocrine Gland
Definition
Products are secreted by rupture of gland cells
Term
What are the four types of connective tissue?
Definition
Connective tissue proper
Cartilage
Bone
Blood
Term
Connective tissue function
Definition
Bind and support, protection, insulation, transport
Term
Is connective tissue vascular?
Definition
YEES
Term
Immature cells have names that end in
Definition
-blast
Term
Mature cells have names that end in
Definition
-cyte
Term
Three types of fibers
Definition
Collagen (white)
Elastic (stretchy)
Reticular (fine)
Term
Areolar Tissue
Definition
Wraps and cushions organs. Lines epithelia.
Term
Adipose tissue
Definition
In boobs
Term
Reticular tissue
Definition
Spleen
Term
Dense Regular Tissue
Definition
Tendons, ligaments, joints
Term
Dense Irregular
Definition
Fibrous joint capsule
Term
Dense connective tissue, Elastic
Definition
Wall of arteries
Term
Hyaline
Definition
Supports and cushions. On ribs.
Term
Elastic cartilage
Definition
Maintains shape of a structure while allowing flexibility. Ear.
Term
Fibrocartilage
Definition
Absorbs shock. Intervertebral discs
Term
Tissue Repair
Definition
Inflammation
Organization restores the blood
Regeneration and fibrosis
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