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Exam One
Vocabulary and Functions
59
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
02/04/2014

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Cards

Term

 

 

 

 

 

STANDARD STIMULUS

Definition

The stimulus in discrimination studies that remains constant throughout the experiment.

Term

 

 

 

 

 

COMPARISON STIMULUS 

Definition

The stimulus in discrimination studies that varies throughout the experiment.

Term

 

 

 

 

 

JUST NOTICABLE DIFFERENCE 

Definition

The smallest difference in sensation that can be noticed. 

Term

 

 

 

 

 

POINT OF SUBJECTIVE EQUALITY

Definition

The point at which a comparison stimulus is judged to be equal to the standard stimulus.

Term

 

 

 

 

 

MICROELECTRODE

Definition

Very small electrode used in single cell recording 

Term

 

 

 

 

 

NATIVISIM 

Definition

Stresses the importance of natural, innate abilities 

Term
Motor Neuron
Definition
Used to respond to things
Term
Nucleus
Definition
Contains the DNA, control center
Term
Dendrites
Definition
Branch-like processes coming off the cell body; they receive information from other neurons and transmitt
Term
Axon Hillock
Definition
The area coming off the cell body, it's a puffy area; The action potential originates here
Term
Axon
Definition
The tail area, branch-like and comes off the soma; it carries electrical signal from one neuron to the next
Term
Myelin Sheath
Definition
Wraps around the axon; it serves as an electrical insulator that speeds nerve impulses to muscles and other effects
Term
Mylineated Fibers
Definition
Neurons with mylion sheath; the firing off here is relatively fast
Term
Telodendria
Definition
twig-like structures at the end of the axon that terminates with specialized ending that releases neurotransmitters
Term
Node of Ranvier
Definition
A small gap in the mylin sheath
Term
Axon Terminals
Definition
Knobs at the end of the telodendria; it contains chemicals called neurotransmitters substances which is released when the impulses jump
Term
Synapse
Definition
Space between neurons
Term
Afferent Neurons
Definition
Takes information from the stimulus to the central nervous system
Term
Efferent Neurons
Definition
How the body responds to the stimuli given
Term
Cerebrum
Definition
The outside covering of the brain and it's ridges. It's the thickest and biggest part of the brain
Term
Efferent Neurons
Definition
How the body responds to the stimuli given
Term
Cerebral Spinofluid
Definition
Encases and protects the brain while giving nourishment
Term
Cortex
Definition
The top/upper part of the brain; gray matter
Term
Sulcus
Definition
Valleys and grooves of the cerebrum
Term
Gyri
Definition
Ridges of the cerebrum
Term
Frontal Lobe
Definition
Sense of smell, movement, speech, reasoning
Term
Parietal Lobe
Definition
Top of the brain; touch, temperature, pain, pressure
Term
Temporal Lobe
Definition
Sides of the brain; hearing,language functions, taste
Term
Occipital Lobe
Definition
The back region of the cerebral cortex; controls vision
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
Controls balance and movement
Term
Receptor Site
Definition
Area on the post synaptic neuron that's sensitive to a particular neurotransmitter
Term
Receptive Field
Definition
Area around the receptive surface that when stimulated caused the neuron to fire off
Term
Exitary Effect
Definition
Allows neurotransmitters
Term
Inhibitory Effect
Definition
Prevents neuronal transmitters; the "don't respond" function
Term
Action Potential
Definition
The chemistry of the neuron changes and initiates the firing of the neuron
Term
Sodium and Potassium Ions
Definition
Moves in and out of the neuron
Term
Resting Potential
Definition
Neuron resting state waiting for something to happen
Term
Action Potential (in action)
Definition
When the membrane changes to let ions rush in the voltage increases and the sodium and potassium ion fires
Term
Semipermeable
Definition
Membrane lets only certain things in and out
Term
Neural Plasticity
Definition
The malleability of the nervous system, it's capable of changing
Term
Neurotransmission
Definition
Processing that's occurring in the nervous system
Term
Corpus Callosum
Definition
A thick band of tissue that connects the cerebral hemispheres and allows neurotransmission from one hemisphere to the next
Term
Longitude Fissure
Definition
Crack in the middle of the brain hemispheres
Term
Brain Lateralization
Definition
Two hemispheres are structurally similar, but functionally differenct
Term
Recovery of Function
Definition
If one area of the hemisphere is damaged, often another part of the brain will take over
Term
Skin
Definition
The largest organ of the body
Term
Mucus Membrane
Definition
One of the types of skin; the skin that lines the orfices (inner parts of the body)
Term
Mucotaneous
Definition
Type of skin and has the least amount; skin that's at the juncture of the mucus membrane and other kinds of skin
Term
Glabrous
Definition
type of skin; the non-hairy skin; palms and sides of the feet
Term
Non-Glabrous
Definition
-type of skin; hairy and external skin with skin cells
Term
Epidermal Layers
Definition
Layer of the skin that can be seen; has 5 layers
Term
Melancytes
Definition
The deepest layer of the epidermal skin; melanin producing cells amount is genetic and increases with sun exposure
Term
UV-A and UV-B
Definition
A: penetrates slowly and causes things like sunburn and skin cancer
B: immediate intense damage
Term
1st Degree Burns
Definition
Damages the epidermal layer and is temporary; not severe
Term
2nd Degree Burns
Definition
Penetrates the dermal layer and causes loss of the skin function; there is a fluid build up between the epidermal and dermal layers (blisters)
Term
3rd Degree Burns
Definition
Causes nerve destruction; it has the symptoms of a 2nd degree burn and can cause death
Term
Keratin
Definition
Dead skin cells from epidermis that turns into protein; kereainization water proofs and insulates the skin if well treated
Term
Toe and Finger Nails
Definition
Epidermal cells that have been keretonized to the extreme; the gro from the white crescent which is referred to as the Lunula
Term
Connective Tissue
Definition
Arranged into elastic fibers; the arrangement is called Lines of Zahn which is different according to the location on the body
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