Term
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Definition
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Term
| components of the extracellular fluid |
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Definition
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Term
| comprises 2/3 of body fluid |
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Definition
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Term
| two fluids separated by cell membrane |
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Definition
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Term
| immediate environment around the cell |
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Definition
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Term
| fluid found outside the cell |
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Definition
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Term
| interstitial fluid contained in lymphatics |
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Definition
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Term
| direct alterations in volume and composition of this fluid are most important in homeostasis |
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Definition
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Term
| fluid found with in the cells |
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Definition
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Term
| sodium is a major cation here |
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Definition
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Term
| potassium is major cation here |
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Definition
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Term
| two fluids separated by blood vessel walls |
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Definition
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Term
| a drop in ECF fluid volume results in a what in plasma volume and a what in arterial blood pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
| look at chart on page 53!! |
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Definition
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Term
| what is one other action of aldosteron eon the kidneys, in addition to stimulating tubular reabsorption of Na? |
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Definition
| increases K+ and H+ in urine. increases Na+ and water absorption |
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Term
| how does angiotensin II work to increase blood pressure? |
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Definition
| vasoconstriction of afferent arterioles |
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Term
| what is angiotensin II's effect on thirst? |
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Definition
| stimulates thirst in the hypothalamus |
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Term
| how does angiotensin II contribute to homeostasis? |
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Definition
| increases BP until back to normal |
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Term
| explaine how greater Na reabsorption by kidney tubules leades to grether water reabsorption? |
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Definition
| Na holds additional water. water follows Na. |
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Term
| the main hormone incluencing ECF is what? |
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Definition
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Term
| aldosterone acts on ___reabsorption in the _____ of the nephron |
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Definition
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Term
| what hormone regulates potassium secretion? |
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Definition
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Term
| higher than normal K (hyperkalemia) in the ECF stimulates the ____ to secrete aldosterone. |
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Definition
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Term
| aldosterone stimulates potassium secretion where? |
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Definition
| principle cells of the nephron. |
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Term
| besides affecting potassium secretion, aldosterone also stimulates ____ reabsorption |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what portion of the nephron is affected by increased Ca reabsorption |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| prevent rapid, drastic changes in the pH of body fluids by converting strong acids and bases to weak acids and bases. |
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Term
| increased acidity (H+) in ECF stimulates chemoreceptors and do what to breathing rate, CO2 in ECF and acidity? |
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Definition
increase breathing rate
decreased CO2 in ECF
decreaed acidity (H+) |
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Term
| decreased acidity (H+) in ECF stimulates chemoreceptors and do what to breathing rate, CO2 in ECF and acidity? |
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Definition
decreased breathing rate
increased CO2 in ECF
increased acidity (H+) |
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Term
| where are the receptors, control center and effectors of the reapiratory system located? |
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Definition
receptors-chemo receptors in medulla oblongata and peripheral in aortic and carotid bodies
control center-medulla oblongata
effectors-diaphragm (contracts more forcefully and frequently and more CO2 is exhaled) |
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Term
| when pH of the ECF is too ___ tubular cells secrete H+ into the filtrate, this ___ the H+ concentration in the ECF na results in ___ urine. |
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Definition
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Term
| the normal range of pH of urine is what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| acidemia. condition where blood pH is below 7.35 |
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Term
| differentiate the 2 types of acidosis |
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Definition
| respiratory (increase Pco2 and inadequate respiration) metabolic (toomuch lactic acid or ketone bodies, kidney failure) |
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Term
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Definition
| alkalemia. condition where blood pH is higher than 7.45 |
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Term
| differentiate two types of alkalosis |
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Definition
| repiratory (low Pco2 and over ventilation, like hyperventilation) metabolic (excessive decrease in H+, like from prolonged vomitting) |
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