Term
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Definition
| -animals that release oocytes and sperm into the water to be fertilized |
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Term
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Definition
| -animals that lay eggs with litteor not other embryonic developmet w/in the parental body |
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Term
| Definition: Ovoviviparous |
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Definition
| -embryos that develop inside eggs remain in the parental body until they are ready to hatch |
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Term
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Definition
| -embryos develop and are nourished w/in their mohter's body with at least some transport of nutrients fro mother to embryo |
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Term
| What are theraphosidae? What s their lifespan? |
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Definition
-giant spiders or tarantulas
-females liver over 20y and males live for 6-18m |
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Term
| How do you sex giant spiders? |
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Definition
-adult males have a thickening of the dital tarsal pedipalp and visible spurs on the tibia of the first pair of legs
-fmeales present paired spemathecae |
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Term
| What is the concern if a female spider is disturbed with an egg sac? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are fish usually hermaphroditic? |
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Definition
| -no most have 2 distinct sexes but some are hermaphroditic |
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Term
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Definition
| -most fish repy on external fertilization but some undergo self-fertilization |
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Term
| Female fish posses two openins cranial to the anal fin. What are they? |
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Definition
-the most cranial being the vent where GI waste and urine exit the body
-caudal opening being the repro portal |
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Term
| Describe egg movement in the female fish. |
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Definition
| -ova are expelled into the coelomic cavity where they accumlate and pass through oviducts at the genital pore |
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Term
| Describe sperm movement in the male fish. |
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Definition
| -spermatozoa are expelled into a deferent duct that carries them to the genital pore |
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Term
| What is the most represented repro dizease in captive fish? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Are amphibians usually hermaphroditic or seexual dimorphic? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe sexual dichromatism in amphibians? |
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Definition
-dynamic: temporary change during breeding season
-ontogenetic: permanent change at onset of sexual maturity |
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Term
| How does fertilization occur in amphibians? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does fertilization occur in salamanders? |
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Definition
| -produce a gelatinous structure known as a spermatophore which is taken into the cloaca of the femael |
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Term
| Where are sperm stored in the female newt? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some of the repro disorders that occur in amphibians? Are they rare or common? |
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Definition
-failure to lay some or all of the eggs, cloacal prolapse, hypovitaminosis A
-rare |
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Term
| How does fertilization occur in reptiles? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the copulatory organ of male reptiles. |
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Definition
-male snakes and lizards have 2 copulatory organs called hemipenes
-only oce is everted into the cloaca during copulation |
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Term
| What is the function of the hemipenes of the male reptile? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is it important to evaluate the cloaca of female reptiles? |
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Definition
| -look for clacitis or impactiosn |
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Term
| Which female reptiles have the ability to produce and lay eggs in the absence fo the male? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the sexes of chelonians. |
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Definition
-sexually dimorphic
-males have a cloacal phallus |
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Term
| What may occur if female reptiles cannot find a suitable nesting site? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| -dNA analysis blood or look at the wings |
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Term
| Describe the birth process in birds. |
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Definition
-oviparous
-no mammary tissue |
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Term
| What are some of the abnormal behaviors seen in birds? |
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Definition
-destruction of eggs
-nest abandoment
-mate savaging
-excessive aggression
-stereotypies
-prevent or address with proper nutrition, environmental enrichmen,t, better husbandry, introduction of wild-cauhgt breeders |
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Term
| What is the purpose of the infundibulum in birds? |
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Definition
| -captures ovum and adds a thin layer of albumen |
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Term
| What are the diseases commonly associated with avian repro system? |
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Definition
-nutritional disorders
-ovarian and oviductual cancers
-egg binding
-egg yolk peritonitis |
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Term
| Are rodents monoestrous or polyestrous? Are they induced or spontaneous ovulators? |
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Definition
-polyestrous
-spontaneous ovulators |
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Term
| What is special about rodent inguinal rings? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do we confirm mating in rodents? |
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Definition
| -presence of a copulatory plug |
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Term
| Describe the copulatory organs of a female mouse. How long is their estrous cycle? Gestation? |
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Definition
-paired clitoral glands
-5-6 days of estrus cycle
-gestation: 19-21 days |
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Term
| Describe the repro tract of a hamster. How long is their gestation? |
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Definition
-femaels have duplex uterus with two cervixes
-male has an os penis
-gestation: 6-19 dyas |
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Term
| What arethe repro disorders that occur in rodents? |
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Definition
-neoplasia
-uterine and/or vaginal prolapse after parturition
-cannibalism |
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Term
| When are female ferrets spayed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an intact female ferret called? What about an intact male? |
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Definition
-intact female: JIll
-intact males: Hob |
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Term
| Why do we make sure we spay female ferrets? Are they seasonal breeders? HOw long is gestation? |
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Definition
-induced ovulators
-if not bred can develop life-threatening estrogen-induced pancytopenia
-long day breeders
-gestation: 42 days |
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Term
| What is special about the penis of an intact male ferret? |
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Definition
-os penis has a J-shaped tip
-only accessory sex gland present is the prostate gland |
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Term
| What is the common secondary disease of repro disorders? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the clinical signs of scondary adrenal gland disease in male ferrets? |
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Definition
| -alopecia, pruritus, and muscle atrophy |
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Term
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Definition
-dewlap undr the nuck in females
-females have vaginal papilla but does not have a uterine body
-males have two hairless scroal sacs located cranial to the penis |
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Term
| Are female rabbits induced or spontaneous ovulators? How long is their gestation period? |
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Definition
-induced ovulators
-gestation is 31 days |
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Term
| What is the most common repro disease of rabbits? |
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Definition
-uterine adenocarcinoma
-avoid by spaying at young age |
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Term
| What is the gestation length of a hedgehogs? |
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Definition
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Term
| What repro structure do male hedgehogs lack? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common repro disorder in the hedgehogs? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are marsupials different reproductively? |
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Definition
-presence of marsupial bones and pouches
-however, sugar gliders DO NOT have marsupial bones |
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Term
| Describe the copulatory organs of female marsupials. |
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Definition
-cloaca and female repro tract consists of two equal halves
-two lateral and median vaginal canals: give birth via the median vaginal canal |
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Term
| Are marsupials monoestrous or polyestrous? HOw long is their gestation period? |
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Definition
-polyestrous
-gestation: 15-17 days |
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Term
| Describe the early life of marsupials. |
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Definition
-fetus is born in an amniotic sac throubh urogenital opening into the cloaca
-it then breaks free from tehe sac and makes it way from the cloacal opening up to the pouch, where it attaches to a teat |
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Term
| How long does the joey stay in the pouch? HOw long do they stay in the nest? |
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Definition
-70-74 days
-110-120 days |
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Term
| What are some of the repro disorders that occur in sugar gliders? |
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Definition
-self-mutilation of the repro organs may occur in solitary or stressed animals
-inspect the pouch of females: look for abnormal secretions or malodorous substances |
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