Term
| What is the Gram Stain for Legionella? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are Legionella species Aerobic or Anaerobic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are Legionella species transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the normal habitats for the Legionella species? |
|
Definition
| Soil, water, Water cooling towers, showers |
|
|
Term
| What is an infection caused by Legionella called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Legionella pneumophila Acute pneumonia is also known as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Legionella pneumophila Nonpneumonia febrile illness is also known as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Pontiac Fever is associated with "flu-like" symptoms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Legionnaire's Disease is associated with High fever/Prostration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most sensitive method for diagnosis of Legionellosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You should process a potential Legionella specimen within how many minutes? |
|
Definition
30 minutes
Otherwise refrigerate/freeze |
|
|
Term
You should perform the following when you believe you have what type of MO:
Acid decontamination
Dilue most specimens to dilute out inhibitory substances |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Legionella - May use nonselective BCYE only for what type of specimens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is on BCYE or BCYE-alpha that the Legionella organism requires? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Legionella will grow on BA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Legionella will NOT grow on BA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Legionella needs humidity NOT CO2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many days does it take to grow Legionella? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Identify the following:
No growth on BA
Growth on BCYE
No growth on BCYE lacking cysteine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How would you confirm the identity of Legionella? |
|
Definition
| Nucleic acid probe, DFA, or slide agglutination |
|
|
Term
| Bacterial antigen test detects Legionella pneumophila serogroup _____ antigen in urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Indirect Fluorescence ABY test is diagnostic use for what? |
|
Definition
| L. pneumophila serogroup 1 only |
|
|
Term
| Indirect Fluorescence ABY test for L. pneumophila serogroup 1 only needs what 2 types of sera? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Gram Stain for Bordetella? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 Whooping cough stages? |
|
Definition
Catarrhal
Paroxysmal
Convalescent |
|
|
Term
| Which Whooping cough stage is characterized by nonspecific symptoms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which Whooping cough stage is characterized by whoop on inspiration? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the method of choice for direct detection of B. pertussis and B. parapertussis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
B. pertussis - use a special transport medium if not plated at bedside |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Generally, B. pertussis will NOT grow on BAP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the media that are generally used to culture B. pertussis? |
|
Definition
Bordet-Gengou (Potato-Glycerol-Blood)
Charcoal Blood Agar (Regan-Lowe) |
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristic colonies of Bordetella on Bordet-Gengou? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long may it take for "mercury drop" colonies to form on Bordet-Gengou? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of incubation does Bordetella need? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Identify the following:
No Growth on BA
Special B. pertussis agar: Growth
Biochemical tests not helpful
Serological test: DFA or agglutination |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the gram stain of Gardnerella vaginalis? |
|
Definition
| Gram variable to GN Coccobacilli |
|
|
Term
| The cell wall of Gardnerella vaginalis has what type of gram characteristic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the disease caused by Gardnerella vaginalis that is characterized by foul-smelling vaginal discharge? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
G. vaginalis is considered normal flora |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
G. vaginalis - male partners generally do not need to be treated |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 1 other infection caused by G. vaginalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most important test in diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis? |
|
Definition
| Direct Exam for Clue Cells |
|
|
Term
The 4 signs listed below are diagnostic of what disease:
Vaginal pH > 4.5
Thin homogeneous vaginal discharge: milk-like consistency
Presence of clue cells
Positive sniff test: Vaginal secretions + 10% KOH --> fishy smell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
A culture is not recommended for diagnosing Bacterial vaginosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
A culture is appropriate for extravaginal sites |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If cultured, what type of hemolysis does G. vaginalis have on the following media:
V agar or HBT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If cultured, what type of hemolysis does G. vaginalis have on the following media:
Sheep BA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What type of agar does the following occur on:
G. vaginalis: Purple --> Yellow when substance is hydrolyzed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What environment is needed in order to incubate G. vaginalis? |
|
Definition
CO2
35 degrees Celsius
48 hours |
|
|
Term
| What type of growth is attributed to G. vaginalis |
|
Definition
| Slow growth/tiny colonies |
|
|
Term
| What is the Gram Stain of Pasteurella multocida? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the normal habitat of Pasteurella multocida? |
|
Definition
| Upper respiratory tract of dogs & cats |
|
|
Term
True or False:
Pasteurella multocida grows well on BA & CHOC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Pasteurella multocida does NOT grow well on MAC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the characteristic odor of Pasteurella multocida? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the preferred environment for incubation of Pasteurella multocida? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Identify the following:
Oxidase +
Catalse +
Indole + |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are Most AACEK aerobes or anaerobes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do AACEK MOs require? |
|
Definition
| CO2 or are stimulated by its presence |
|
|
Term
| Are AACEK MOs fast or slow growing? |
|
Definition
Slow growing
48-72 hours for adequate growth |
|
|
Term
True or False:
AACEK - No growth on selective enteric agar (MAC or EMB) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
AACEK - optimal growth on BA or CHOC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Due to AACEK having predilection for attachment to heart valves (usually damaged or prosthetic) they are an important cause of what infection/disease/illness? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 A organisms in AACEK? |
|
Definition
Aggregatibacter aphrophilus
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans |
|
|
Term
| What is the C MO in AACEK? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the E MO in AACEK? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the K MO in AACEK? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which MO has a colony star-shaped configuration |
|
Definition
| Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans |
|
|
Term
| In addition to endocarditis, what else does Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which MO tends to form rosettes on gram stain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do 50% of isolates of Eikenella corrodens do to the agar? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which MO is connected with bites or trauma associated with fist fights? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Identify the following:
Oxidase +
Catalase =
"Bleach" odor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the odor that is characterized with Eikenella corrodens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Kingella Oxidase Positive or Negative? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does Kingella ferment glucose? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which MO goes with the following description:
Propensity for bone & joint infections in young children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the AACEK MOs can grow on MTM? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kingella denitrificans may be confused with what other MO? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you differentiate Kingella denitrificans from Neisseria gonorrhoeae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Kingella denitrificans Catalase Positive or Catalase Negative? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Neisseria gonorrhoeae Catalase Positive or Catalase Negative? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Capnocytophaga associated with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the gram stain of Capnocytophaga? |
|
Definition
| Fusiform, filamentous GNB |
|
|
Term
| Is Capnocytophaga fast growing or slow growing? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Capnocytophaga will grow on BAP or CHOC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Capnocytophaga will NOT grow on MAC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Capnocytophaga aerobic or anaerobic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of motility is characteristic of Capnocytophaga? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Presumptively Identify the following:
Yellow colonies
Fusiform, filamentous GNB
Gliding Motility |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the zoonotic Capnocytophaga organism associated with dog/cat bites or contact? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the zoonotic Capnocytophaga organism associated with dog bites? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the disease that is attributed to Brucella? |
|
Definition
| Brucellosis (Undulant Fever) |
|
|
Term
| Brucella is one cause of what suisillness/disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Brucella is a type of Zoonosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is Brucella transmitted? |
|
Definition
Meat Packers
Associated with unpasteurized milk
Animals to man |
|
|
Term
Match the species that infect humans with the animal that they come from:
B. suis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match the species that infect humans with the animal that they come from:
B. abortus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match the species that infect humans with the animal that they come from:
B. melitensis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match the species that infect humans with the animal that they come from:
B. canis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 2 specimens that Brucella is most often isolated from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What BSL Level is Brucella? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
All Brucella cultures should be taped shut during incubation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What environment is needed for Brucella species? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You should hold Brucella Blood Cultures for how many days when using nonautomated BC systems |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You should hold Brucella Blood Cultures for how many days when using automated BC systems |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Gram Stain of Brucella? |
|
Definition
GN Coccobacilli;
Appears like "fine sand" |
|
|
Term
True or False:
Brucella grows quickly on BAP & CHOC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Brucella grows slowly on BAP & CHOC |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At 48 hours, what does Brucella look like on BAP or CHOC? |
|
Definition
Non-hemolytic
Non-pigmented |
|
|
Term
| What % of Brucella will grow on MAC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Brucella Oxidase Positive or Negative? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Brucella Urea Positive or Negative? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Brucella Satellite Positive or Negative? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Brucella canis Oxidase Positive or Negative? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Serology & NAAT can also be used to ID Brucella |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which MO causes Tularemia, aka Rabbit Fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The following clinical syndromes are characteristic of what MO?
Pustule at site of infection
Enlarged lymph nodes
Bacteremia
Pneumonia
Oculoglandular form |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the BSL of Francisella tularensis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does Francisella tularensis require in order to be cultured? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the recommended media for Francisella tularensis? |
|
Definition
| Glucose-cysteine blood agar + thiamin |
|
|
Term
True or False:
Francisella tularensis can grow on CHOC, BCYE, BA, & MTM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Francisella tularensis Contaminated specimens are best cultivated on what type of media? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Francisella tularensis is uncommonly isolated from blood cultures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Francisella tularensis an aerobe or an anaerobe? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is CO2 required for Francisella tularensis to grow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the gram stain of Francisella tularensis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of growth will you find on BAP after 48 hours for Francisella tularensis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Francisella tularensis - 1 to 2 mm grayish white colonies on CHOC at how many hours? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Presumptively Identify the following:
Oxidase - Negative
Catalase - Weak Positive
B-lactamase - Positive
Satellite - Negative
Urea - Negative |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What disease is Streptobacillus moniliformis associated with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What MO, other than Streptobacillus moniliformis, also causes Rat Bite Fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does Streptobacillus moniliformis require in order to be cultured? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a Broth Culture what does Streptobacillus moniliformis look like? |
|
Definition
| "Fluff balls" / "Bread Crumbs" |
|
|
Term
| What is the Gram Stain of Streptobacillus moniliformis? |
|
Definition
| Pleomorphic GNB (Rounded & Pointed ends) |
|
|
Term
| Is Chromobacterium violaceum an aerobe or an anaerboe? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the habitat of Chromobacterium violaceum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a characteristic look of Chromobacterium violaceum? |
|
Definition
| Distinctive Purple Pigment |
|
|
Term
| What disease is associated with Chromobacterium violaceum? |
|
Definition
| Contaminated wounds (ex. motorcycle accident) |
|
|
