Winston Churchill always doing the V for Victory, we wanted double V bc we wanted victory over the enemies (nazi's) and a victory at home, a victory over injustice and segregation. “Victory over the enemy and victory over racism”

• Hitler was petty-- he made French surrender in the same railway car that Germany was forced to surrender in for WWI

Yalta Conference (1945):

Germany was divided, West Berlin was blockaded
American planes sent food and supplies to the people of West Berlin 

Alabama governor (fuck boi) RACIST

• 1963: "Segregation Now! SEGREGATION TOMORROW! Segregation forever!" He thought we had the declaration of independence and should leave it as it “should” be? 

• 1968: 3rd presidential candidate on a third party--- did his stance because he had to support the people who were voting for him.. we will not integrate the Univ of Alabama (very much against desegregation)

"the most qualified guy"

• HE GETS SOME PARTS OF THE SOUTH TO SUPPORT HIM, EVEN those that USED to be in the solid south--this showed a big shift 
• He had lost the first election tho 

• becomes president after Kennedy is assassinated and gets to “own” the war but it takes a toll on him and he decides to drop out of presidency

• He is a texan but not a typical white southern conservative

• He is a highly skilled politician

• He grew up quite poor and therefore had a concern for the poor

• Committed to civil rights

• He does NOT sign the “Southern Manifesto”

• Drops out of presidential election b/c of Viet Nam War

• First congresswoman

• Pacifist

• Feminist

• Voted against entry to WWII

• She was the only one that voted against WWII

George Kennan

• Came up with the idea of “containment”

• Wanted to contain communism, keep it from spreading to other countries

• 1st true conservative president, Proposed increased bombing in Vietnam

• __________: communists

• Iron curtain separating

• Communism was spreading so we made the _________ with European countries to form NATO

• Hungarian rebellion against Soviets

• Under Eisenhower

• U.S. didn’t/couldn’t do nothing because of its proximity to Russia

• Fidel Castro overthrew Fulgencio Batista

• Cuba signed trade agreements w/ soviets

• Ike suspended diplomatic relations w/ Cuba

“States Rights Party” 1948 Democratic Party

• Democrats who named themselves “Dixiecrats” because they didn’t want to support actual (D) bc the (D) supported civil rights stuff

Interstate Highway Act (1956)

• Made suburbans much more accessible

• Housing boom

• Oil dependence

G.I. Bill

• Funding for Education

• Mortgages (you could put a down payment on a house now, so now we have.....)

• LEAD TO A HOUSING BOOM

• Back to churches and synagogues

• Going back to the churches in "droves"s

• "The family that prays together stays together"

• They are looking at religion as foundational

• 1954: "Under God" is added to the Pledge of Allegiance

• US had great economy

• Shift from Military goods to Consumer Goods

______ wants his girl to go to the local school and not the segregated school

• Gets rid of “separate but equal” bs

• Case was argued by Thurgood Marshall

• Wanted Integrated schools

• "With all deliberate speed" literary did not define that so everyone had a different definition for the speed of the trial process

• Between the USSR & The U.S.

• If one country bombs the other, they will get bombed back

• if one shot nuclear bombs at the other, they were more than likely going to get bombed back

• refers to the nuclear arms race between the U.S. and the USSR.

• _________ Intentional Security Act

• Concern of communism corrupting US

• Registration of organizations

• Immigration restrictions

• Tightened deportation laws

• _____ was so afraid of the spread of communism he put U.S. on lockdown

• was for desegregation, didn’t have much to do with the Vietnam war. Although he did receive an important letter from Vietnam who asked for help and support to fight against France, but ______ ignores the letter because of NATO and his support to France

• Dwight was seen as a war hero (he suppressed communist and buddhist)

• Ended  the Korean war

• Sent advisors

• “Domino Theory”

• Highly skilled politician, Democrat

• Not stereotypical southern conservative

• Concerned for the poor

• Committed to civil rights

• Inherited Viet Nam War from JFK

• He follows up on Kennedy’s Civil Rights Legislation

• against the law to tell someone who owns a hotel that a POC is not allowed

• restaurants can no longer discriminate either

• NO discrimination based upon race

• VRA of 1965: Voting Rights Act (Ensured that all citizens had the right to vote)

• suspended literacy test

• Paris Peace Talks

• Increased bombing

• My Lao Massacre became public 1969

• “Vietnamization”

• Cambodian “incursion”

• Kent State Shooting (4 students were killed)

• Pentagon Papers (some guy discovers reports from the pentagon stating that the we couldn't win this war---he is in disbelief because IF THE GOVT KNEW THIS THEN WHY DID WE STILL GO TO WAR  !!)

• Wins!

• 1st Roman Catholic President

• He doesn’t succeed in his plans of medical care for the elderly and aid to education, his only successful program was Space Exploration (NASA)

• WW II Hero--America really likes him

Jfk’s MOST FAMOUS QUOTES: "New Frontier"

"Torch has been passed" passed down to the generation that got through the great depression and the second world war

"Ask not what your country can do for you but ask what you can do for your country"

• “"we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and success of liberty”

• Really draws the US more into the Vietnam war, they stated "The American flag has been fired upon...we will not and cannot tolerate such things."

• Coordinated VC and NVA Attacks

• Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army

• Attack on U.S. Embassy (failed tho)

• Hue seized

• November 1965

• valley , US loses >300 guys

• ppl are realizing that things don’t look good

• if we kill more of them than they do us then we win

• term coined by Nixon

• Let’s bring our boys home

• Inherits plan

• Get in Cuba and overthrow Castro

• Doesn’t go well

• point where historians say closest US & USSR engage in nuclear war (WW 3)

• WW2 veteran

• Part of NAACP

• Murdered by KKK member

• Dangerous to be an educated black man who supported civil rights

• said POC need to start defending themselves,this resonates in all races (everyone was scared)

• Civil Rights leader, “I Have a Dream”

• Did a solo march (“March Against Fear”) across from Tennessee to Mississippi

• Got ambushed

• Gets into Ole Miss

• Lawyer who argued Brown v. Board case

• First man of color to get into the Supreme Court

• 14 y.o black boy from Chicago

• Whistles at a lil white girl (in Mississippi)

• Brother and husband of little girl murdered him

• Eisenhower sends federal troops to make sure there was school integration and that they were following the laws, also to ensure the safety of the black students

• get POC registered to vote, there was even a Voter Registration Drive

• Executive Order 9981 integrates all branches of military

• 4 college students at Woolworth’s lunch counter

• Wanted to be served, they told em to get out of here

• There were allowed to work there but not to sit and enjoy a meal

• broke color barrier in pro baseball

• North Korean attack

• UN response = force North Korea out of South Korea

• Signed a TRUCE, no peace treaties!

• Republican-sponsored

• Truman’s veto of the Taft-Hartley Act won him the support of labor

• Outlawed closed shops (unions) (this was good only for the manufacturer)

• Closed shop = you can’t work unless you’re in the union

• Must have a cooling-off period if a strike occurs

• ”Refurbish Europe”

• Send economic aid to Europe

• USSR withdrew

• Sent $13 billion over 4 years

• This money createdprograms that made sure people had something to eat and allowed for their industry to get strong again

• Got China to become a communist country

• Truman “lost” China to communism

Robert F. Kennedy’s speech

• Says we can’t win the Viet Nam war b/c the South Vietnamese people are losers. He says the American military is brave but the South Vietnamese military regime is incompetent.