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| What are purines and pyrimidines? |
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Definition
Purines and pyrimidines, often called bases, are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. |
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| Purine bases you will find in DNA are |
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Pyrimidines have a single .......sided ring structure. |
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Definition
Pyrimidines have a single six sided ring structure. |
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| Example of Pyrimidines base |
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Definition
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| The pyrimidine NSs end in |
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Definition
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Definition
- use the NS name
- followed by "mono-", "di-"
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Definition
nEnergy metabolism
nMonomeric units of nucleic acids
nPhysiological mediators
nPrecursor function
nComponents of coenzymes
nActivated intermediates
nAllosteric effectors
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Term
| Nucleotides are components of coenzymes: |
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Definition
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Coenzyme A
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FAD
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NAD+
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NADP+
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Term
| Nucleotide activate intermediates like: |
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Definition
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Term
Why is purine salvage pathway of metabolism of purine important? |
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Definition
- Because free purines are somewhat toxic.
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The salvage pathway decreases the levels of PRPP, and therefore decreases the rate
of purine synthesis. This is an important regulatory mechanism for purine metabolism. |
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Term
| Synthesis of purines requires |
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Definition
nAmino acids
¨Glycine
¨Glutamine (2)
¨Aspartate
nCO2
nOne carbon units transferred via THF (2) |
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Term
| GOUT is a disorder characterized by: |
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Definition
| high levels of uric acid in blood, as a result of either the overproduction or under excretion of uric acid. |
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nGout is treated with drug such as |
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Definition
| allopurinol that inhibit xanthineoxidase |
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Definition
•Cytosol
•Pyrimidine Synthesis
g-amide group of glutamine
•Activator:–ATP
•Inhibitor:–UTP |
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| Source of carbon and nitrogen on pyrimidines are |
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Definition
- 1,4,5,6 from ASparate
- 2 from HCO3-
- 3 from Glutamine amide
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| Source of carbon and nitrogen atoms in purine ring |
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Definition
1 from Asparate amine
2 from C1-H4folate
3 from Glutamine amide
4, 5,7 from Glycine
8 from C1 H4folate
9 from Glutamine amide |
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Term
In de novo synthesis, the pyrimidine ring is synthesized from |
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Definition
- bicarbonate
- aspartate
- glutamine (or ammonium ion).
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Term
| Synthesis of pyrimidines vs. purines. |
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Definition
nFirst, the ring structure is assembled as a free base in pyrimidines, not built upon PRPP like purines.
nSecond, there is no branch in the pyrimidine synthesis pathway. |
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Term
In Synthesis of Pyrimidine Nucleotides, what is regulated step? |
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Definition
Carbamoyl phosphate
Synthetase II |
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In Synthesis of Pyrimidine Nucleotides, committed step involves which enzyme? |
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Definition
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The regulatory step in Synthesis of Pyrimidine
Nucleotides involves which enzyme? |
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Definition
-
Carbamoyl phosphate
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aspartate
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Term
| Regulation of Purine Synthesis |
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Definition
Inactivate Purine + PRPP----> Active Purine
Activate Purine + IMP/GMP/IMP---> Inactivate Purine |
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Inactivate Purine + ????----> Active Purine
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| Activate Purine +????---> Inactivate Purine |
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Definition
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| Metabolism of Purine Nucleotides include: |
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Definition
nSynthesis of purine nucleotides
nPurine salvage
nPurine nucleotide interconversions
nGTP and tetrahydobiopterin
nUric acid |
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