Term
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Definition
| Any violation of norms wheter the infraction is as minor as driving over the speed limit or as serious as murder. |
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Term
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Definition
| The violation of rules that have been written into the law. |
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Term
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Definition
Blemishes on "Normal" identity, characteristic s that discredit people.
EX- blind, def, birthmarks on face.... |
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Term
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Definition
A= Attitude
B= Behavior
C= Conditions (state of being) ex- mental illness, obesity |
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Term
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Definition
- Maintains boundaries
- Punishes Deviation & Rewards
- Formal (ex- laws)
- Informal (ex- peer pressure) |
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Term
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Definition
Expression of disapproval
- Frowns
- Gossip
- Imprisionment |
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Term
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Definition
Used to award people for conforming with the norms
- smiles
-Formal awards
- Getting a raise
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Term
| Types of Theories: Sociobiology |
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Definition
- Look for answers inside individuals
- genetic predispositions lead people to such deviances as juvenile delinquency and crime. |
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Term
| Types of Theories: Psychologists |
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Definition
- Focus on conditions within individuals
- Personality disorders |
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Term
| Types of Theories: Sociology |
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Definition
- Look for answers outside individuals
- Social structure |
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Term
| Sociology: The Symbolic Interactionist perspective |
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Definition
- People learn how to deviate through interaction with others
- Focus on the consequences of labeling someone as deviant. |
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Term
| Symbolic Interactionist: Differential association |
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Definition
Learn to deviate or confrom through group association
- Families
- Friends, Neighbors
- Subcultures |
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Term
| Symbolic Interactionist: Control Theory |
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Definition
Two control systems work against our motivations to deviate:
1.) Our inner controls- conscience, morality, religious principles
-Fears punishment, feeling of integrity, desire to be a good person
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2.) Outer Control: Attachements, commitments, involvements
- consist of people- who influence us not to deviate |
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Term
Symbolic Interactionist: Labeling Theory
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Definition
Focuses on the significance of labels (names, reputations)
- labels become part of self- concept
- Propel towards or away from deviance |
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Term
| The Functionalist Perspective: Deviance |
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Definition
Deviance:
- Clarifies moral boundaries
- Promotes conformity
- Solidifies social bonds
- Promotes social change |
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Term
| The Functionalist Perspective: Strain theory |
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Definition
| People who experience strain are likely to feel anomie, a sense of normlessness. Because mainstream norms don't seem to be getting them anywhere, people who experience strain find it difficult to identify with these norms therefore are more likely than others to take the deviante path. |
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Term
| The Functionalist Perspective: Illegitimate opportunity theory |
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Definition
| Different social classes have distinct styles of crimes because they have success to different opportunity structures to commit crimes (street vs. white collar) |
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Term
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Definition
Focuses on the relativity of deviance
- the power elite uses the legal system to keep themselves out of trouble and in power. |
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