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| Ratified on December 5, 1933 to end prohibition. The ending of prohibition lowered crime rates and illegal alcohol sales. |
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| A five-star admiral in the United States Navy. He was the leading U.S. Navy authority on submarines, as well as Chief of the Navy's Bureau of Navigation in 1939. He served as Chief of Naval Operations from 1945 until 1947. He was the United States' last surviving Fleet Admiral. |
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| 1930s-1940s. Commander in Chief, United States Fleet and Chief of Naval Operations during World War II. |
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| Austrian-born German politician, leader if the Nazi party.He was appointed chancellor in 1933. Responsible for the genocide of the Jewish people and started World War II by invading Poland. Committed suicide in 1945. |
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| 1947. An American biologist and professor of entomology and zoology. His work has profoundly influenced social and cultural values in the United States and many other countries. Very controversial. |
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| November 25, 1936. An Anti-Communist pact concluded between Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. In case of an attack by the Soviet Union against Germany or Japan, the two countries agreed to consult on what measures to take "to safeguard their common interests". |
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| December 22, 1941 to January 14, 1942. Headed by Winston Churchill and FDR. The first meeting on military strategy between the heads of government of the United Kingdom and the United States following the United States' entry into World War II. the United States government agreed that to win the war, the prime objective was the defeat of Nazi Germany. This was termed the Europe first strategy. It was also agreed at the conference to combine military resources under one command in the European Theater of Operations. |
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| August 1941. Pivotal policy statement first issued early in World War II defined the Allied goals for the post-war world. It was drafted by Britain and the United States, and later agreed to by all the Allies. The Charter stated the ideal goals of the war: no territorial aggrandizement; no territorial changes made against the wishes of the people; restoration of self-government to those deprived of it; free access to raw materials; reduction of trade restrictions; global cooperation to secure better economic and social conditions for all; freedom from fear and want; freedom of the seas; and abandonment of the use of force, as well as disarmament of aggressor nations. |
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| A person who was born during the demographic Post-World War II baby boom and who grew up during the period between 1946 and 1964. |
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| The name given to the World War II air campaign waged by the German Air Force against the United Kingdom during the summer and autumn of 1940. The largest and most sustained aerial bombing campaign to that date |
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| May 4-8, 1942. A major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II between the Imperial Japanese Navy and Allied naval and air forces from the United States and Australia. A tactical victory for the Japanese in terms of ships sunk, the battle would prove to be a strategic victory for the Allies. |
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| August 7, 1942-February 9, 1943. Codenamed Operation Watchtower by Allied forces, was a military campaign on and around the island of Guadalcanal in the South Pacific of World War II. The objective was denying their use by the Japanese to threaten the supply and communication routes between the U.S., Australia, and New Zealand. |
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| February 19–March 26, 1945. Was a major battle in which the United States fought for and captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Empire of Japan. |
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| June 4-7, 1942. The most important naval battle of the Pacific Campaign of World War II. One month after the Battle of the Coral Sea and six months after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States Navy decisively defeated an Imperial Japanese Navy attack against Midway Atoll, inflicting irreparable damage on the Japanese fleet |
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| December 16, 1944–January 25, 1945. Launched toward the end of World War II through the densely forested Ardennes mountain region of Wallonia in Belgium and France and Luxembourg on the Western Front. |
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| 1950s. A group of American post-WWII writers. Central elements of "Beat" culture included experimentation with drugs, alternative forms of sexuality, an interest in Eastern religion, a rejection of materialism, and the idealizing of exuberant, unexpurgated means of expression and being. |
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| June 24, 1948- May 12, 1949. During the multinational occupation of post-World War II Germany, the Soviet Union blocked the Western Allies' railway and road access to the sectors of Berlin under Allied control. Their aim was to force the western powers to allow the Soviet zone to start supplying Berlin with food and fuel, thereby giving the Soviets practical control over the entire city. |
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| 1940s. A British Army officer. He took the German surrender at Luneburg Heath in northern Germany. |
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| Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) |
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| Was a public work relief program that operated from 1933 to 1942 in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men from relief families, ages 18–25. Most popular of all the New Deal programs, but was never a permanent agency. |
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| 1940s. Policy using military, economic, and diplomatic strategies to stall the spread of communism, enhance America’s security and influence abroad, and prevent a "domino effect". Includes the establishment of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a mutual defense pact. |
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| Destroyers-for-Bases Deal |
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| Between the United States and the United Kingdom, September 2, 1940, transferred fifty mothballed destroyers from the United States Navy in exchange for land rights on British possessions. |
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| April 18, 1942. It was the first air raid by the United States to strike the Japanese Home Islands (specifically Honshu) during World War II. The raid was planned and led by then-Lieutenant Colonel James "Jimmy" Doolittle. Provided a vital morale boost and opportunity for U.S. retaliation after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. |
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| A cook in the United States Navy noted for his bravery during the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. First African American to be awarded the Navy Cross. |
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| 34th President of the United States. During World War II, he served as Supreme Commander of the Allied forces in Europe, with responsibility for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942-43 and the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944–45, from the Western Front. Upon discovery of the Nazi concentration camps, he ordered camera crews to comprehensively document evidence of the atrocities in them for use in the Nuremberg Trials. |
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| March 9, 1933. One of the first projects in FDR's 100 days and was passed through to congress 4 days after the bank holiday was implemented. Ended bank runs that plagued the Depression. |
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| 32nd President in 1933-1945 from New York. Created the "New Deal" the emphasized relief, reform and recovery. Highest approval rating in history and created the basis of most our modern day programs. |
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| An American general and field marshal of the Philippine Army. Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s. First father and son duo to be awarded the medal of honor. |
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| "The father of containment." |
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| 1940s. Commanded corps and armies in North Africa, Sicily, and the European Theater of Operations. |
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| Best known both for being one of over 17 United States Army Air Forces fighter pilots able to get airborne to engage Japanese forces in the attack on Pearl Harbor. |
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| Carter Glass and Henry B. Steagall, June 16, 1933. Established the FDIC. Introduced bank reforms in an effort to stop deflation. |
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| During the 1930's. Relief for the unemployed and poor; Recovery of the economy to normal levels; and Reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression. FDR created them and it was his most important project. |
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| 1930s-1940s. The genocide of approximately six million European Jews and millions of others during World War II. The total number of civilians murdered by the Nazis is between 10 million and 11 million |
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| Often called the "father of the atomic bomb" for his role in the Manhattan Project. |
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| 1942. A body of senior uniformed leaders in the United States Department of Defense who advise the Secretary of Defense, the Homeland Security Council, the National Security Council and the President on military matters. Serves as the supreme military body for strategic direction of the US-British Empire war effort. Following the end of WWII, the Joint Board was officially disbanded in 1947. |
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| Julius and Ethel Rosenberg |
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| American communists who were convicted and executed in 1953 for conspiracy to commit espionage during a time of war for giving the Soviets the information and secrets of the atomic bomb. |
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| A new United States Army Air Forces Second Lieutenant pilot stationed at Pearl Harbor from Oklahoma. He got airborne while under fire and shot down four Japanese dive bombers. |
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| 1950s. A conventional war between South Korea, supported by the United Nations, and North Korea, supported by the People's Republic of China, with military material aid from the Soviet Union. |
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| March 11, 1941. The program under which the United States of America supplied the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, China, Free France, and other Allied nations with materiel between 1941 and 1945. |
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| A historical name given to a large geographic region in northeast Asia, including the Manchu, Ulchs and Hezhen. |
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| 1940s. Led by the United States with participation from the United Kingdom and Canada, that produced the first atomic bomb during World War II. |
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| He was the architect and founding father of the People's Republic of China from its establishment in 1949[citation needed], and held control over the nation until his death in 1976. |
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| Marshall Plan/European Recovery Program |
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| April 1948. Large-scale American program to aid Europe where the United States gave monetary support to help rebuild European economies after the end of World War II in order to combat the spread of Soviet communism. The goals of the United States were to rebuild a war-devastated region, remove trade barriers, modernize industry, and make Europe prosperous again. |
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| 1940s-1950s. The practice of making accusations of disloyalty, subversion, or treason without proper regard for evidence. characterized by heightened fears of communist influence on American institutions and espionage by Soviet agents. This affected all levels of society. |
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| April 4, 1949. An intergovernmental military alliance. The NATO headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, and the organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. |
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| April 14, 1950. A 58-page formerly-classified report issued by the United States National Security Council during President Truman's term. |
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| National Recovery Administration (NRA) |
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| Established in 1933 by FDR in order to eliminate "cut-throat competition" by bringing industry, labor and government together to create codes of "fair practices" and set prices. It was deemed unconstitutional, but the long-term result was a surge in the growth and power of unions. |
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| Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact |
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| August 23, 1939. This agreement stated that the two countries - Germany and the Soviet Union - would not attack each other. If there were ever a problem between the two countries, it was to be handled amicably. The pact was supposed to last for ten years; it lasted for less than two. |
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| 1935. The Neutrality Acts were a series of acts created by the United States Congress that were geared toward keeping the United States out of another war. |
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| 1940s. A term used to define a family group consisting of a father and mother and their children, all exclusively sharing living quarters. |
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| 1935 antisemitic laws in Nazi Germany that banned "non-Aryans" from the civil-service. Made Jews feels like subjects instead of human beings. |
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| The code name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II that began on June 22, 1941. It was the largest military attack of World War II. |
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| July 9-10, 1943, and ended August 17th. A major World War II campaign, in which the Allies took Sicily from Nazi Germany and Italy. It opened the way to the Allied invasion of Italy. |
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| June 6, 1944. The operation that launched the invasion of German-occupied western Europe during World War II by Allied forces. Code name for the Battle of Normandy. The battle for Normandy continued for more than two months. |
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| November 8, 1942. The British-American invasion of French North Africa in World War II during the North African Campaign. Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia. |
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| December 7, 1941. The attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese Empire that brought the United States into World War II. |
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| A country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. |
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| 1945. Winston Churchill/Clement Attlee, Harry S. Truman and Joseph Stalin. Gathered to decide how to administer punishment to the defeated Nazi Germany. |
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| 1940s-1950s. A combination of the blues, country music, jazz, and gospel music. Rock and roll appeared at a time when racial tensions in the United States were entering a new phase, with the beginnings of the civil rights movement for desegregation, leading to the Supreme Court ruling that abolished the policy of "separate but equal" in 1954, but leaving a policy which would be extremely difficult to enforce in parts of the United States.[ |
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| Securities and Exchange Act |
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| June 6, 1934. A law governing the secondary trading of securities (stocks, bonds, and debentures) in the United States of America. Established the SEC responsible for enforcement of United States federal securities law. |
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| August 14, 1935 under Frances Perkins. The act was an attempt to limit what were seen as dangers in the modern American life, including old age, poverty, unemployment, and the burdens of widows and fatherless children. |
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| Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) |
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| Established in May 1933 to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic development in the Tennessee Valley. use federal experts and electricity to rapidly modernize the region's economy and society. |
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| It is used to measure the successes and accomplishments of a president during the time that their power and influence is at its greatest. |
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| March 12, 1947. Stating that the U.S. would support Greece and Turkey with economic and military aid to prevent their falling into the Soviet sphere. Start of the Cold War. |
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| May 8, 1945. The date when the World War II Allies formally accepted the unconditional surrender of the armed forces of Nazi Germany and the end of Adolf Hitler's Third Reich. On April 30th, Hitler committed suicide during the Battle of Berlin, and so the surrender of Germany was authorized by his replacement, President of Germany Karl Dönitz. |
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| August 14, 1945. The name chosen for the day on which the Surrender of Japan occurred, effectively ending World War II. |
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| 1940s. Located between Ypsilanti and Belleville, Michigan, was constructed during World War II by Ford Motor Company for the mass production of the B-24 Liberator military aircraft. |
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| Works Progress Administration and Public Works Administration (WPA/PWA) |
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| Established in 1933 by Harold L. Ickes. It built large-scale public works such as dams and bridges, warships, hospitals and schools. However the WPA was headed by Harry Hopkins, which focused on smaller projects and hired unemployed unskilled workers. |
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| February 4–11, 1945. Winston Churchill, FDR and Joseph Stalin. The purpose of discussing Europe's post-war reorganization. The conference convened in the Livadia Palace near Yalta, in the Crimea. The meeting was intended mainly to discuss the re-establishment of the nations of war-torn Europe. Within a few years, with the Cold War dividing the continent, Yalta became a subject of intense controversy. |
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| 1940s. The key element of the grand strategy employed by the United States and the United Kingdom during World War II. They would use the preponderance of their resources to subdue Nazi Germany in Europe first. They would also fight a holding action against Japan in the Pacific, using fewer resources. After the defeat of Germany- considered the greatest threat to Great Britain- all Allied forces could be concentrated against Japan. |
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| 1940s. Used as a military tactic, island hopping is a series of battles taking one island and then moving to the next after establishing a base on the previous island. Leapfrogging is a strategy of island hopping used by Douglas MacArthur of the Allies in the Pacific Theater of World War II in which many of the enemy's strong points are neutralized at minimum cost by being bypassed. |
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