Details Title: Exam 1 RS Description: Review Sheet Info Total Flash Cards: 69 Created: 09/11/2008 21:30:39		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Plant Sciences Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term Cereal grains are mostly _____________. Definition Cereal grains are mostly carbohydrates. Term Cereal grains are __ - __% protein. Definition 15-20% Term Cereal grains are _% triglycerides. Definition 5% Term Cereal grains are historically valuable because...? Definition They are storable and do not rot. Term Food is stored in the _________ tissue. Definition Endosperm tissue. Term The magic percentage of moisture below which things do not rot? Why? Definition 15%, because below that, the microorganisms that cause rot can't survive. Term Amino acids are _______ chains. There are __ in all, but only _ are essential. Definition Protein chains. 20 in all, 8 essential. Term The fruit on cereal grains are _______, which are: Definition Caryopsis, which are small, dry fruits. Term Some differences between monocots and dicots. Definition Cotyledon (1, 2), flower parts (3, 4-5), leaf type (parallel, netted) Term Cereal grains are in the grass family, which are monocots/dicots. Definition Monocots Term The three major cereals and their latin names: Definition Rice (oryza sativa), wheat (triticum aestivum), corn (zea mays) Term Rice has _ essential amino acids. Definition all 8 Term Rice has _-_ tillers. Definition 8-12 Term Wheat is low in ____. Definition Lysine Term Wheat has _-_ tillers. Definition 12-20 Term Corn is low in _____ and _____. Definition Lysine and tryptophan. Term Corn has _ tillers. Definition Term 3 other cereal grains: Definition Barley, oat, rice Term Barley, oat, and rice are monocot/dicot. Definition Dicot Term Legumes are monocot/dicot Definition Dicots Term Legumes are high in ____ and ___ but low in ______. Definition High in proteins and fats. Low in carbohydrates. Term The three main cereal grains produce ____ million metric tons annually. Definition 600 million Term Soybeans produce ___ million metric tons annually. Definition 130 million Term 3 other legumes are: Definition Bean, peanut, pea. Term Legumes are low in which dietary essential amino acid? Definition Methionine Term Potatoes produce ___ million metric tons. Definition 200 million Term Potatoes are ____, a type of underground stem. Definition Tuber. Term Potatoes are very high in __________, but low in ______ and _____. Definition Carbohydrates, low in proteins and fats. Term Potatoes have a water content of over __% Definition 50% Term _____ is a swollen root of a tropical shrub. Definition Cassava Term Some varieties of cassava make the toxin _____. Definition Cyanide. Term ____ million metric tons of sugar are produced annually. Definition 100 million Term The "grocery store" sugar is what? Definition Sucrose, a disaccharide of fructose and glucose Term Name the two sources of sugar. Definition Sugar cane. Sugar beet. Term __ million metric tons of sugar cane are produced annually. Definition 50 million Term Sugar cane is a monocot/dicot that grows in what climate? Definition Dicot. Temperate. Term Sugar beet produces __ m. metric tons annually. Definition 40 Term Sugars in honey are 50% ____ and 25% each of ____ and _____. Definition Sucrose. Glucose/fructose. Term Triglycerides are ___ and ____. Definition Fats and oils Term Fats are ____ at room temperature, while oils are _____. Definition Solid/liquid Term Triglycerides are _ fatty acids attached to a ______. Definition 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol Term Types of oils and their production. __ mmt for soybean. __ mmt for palm and coconut. __ mmt for sunflower. ___ mmt for rapeseed. Definition 30. 27. 13. 5.5 Term Essential oils are: Definition Oils with an essence Term Essential oils are/aren't triglycerides Definition Are not. Term Plant parts and their spices. Nutmeg? Mace? Cinnamon? Capsicum peppers? Vanilla? Definition Seed. Aril. Bark. Fruit. Fruit extract. Term Perfume essences come mostly from which part of the plant? Definition Flower parts Term Define the doctrine of signatures. Definition Plants shaped like body parts were considered good for the health of that body part. Term Withering worked on what plant in the 1770s? Definition Digitalis. Term 4 notable drug plants. Definition Morphine, cocaine, ergotine, aspirin Term The four major non-alcoholic beverages. Definition Tea, coffee, cola, chocolate Term Two alcoholic beverages made through natural fermentation. Definition Beer. Wine. Term Two alcoholic beverages made through distillation. Definition Brandy. Whiskey. Term Two alcoholic beverages made from grains. Definition Beer. Whiskey. Term Two alcoholic beverages made from wet fruits. Definition Brandy. Wine. Term Yeast requires ____ as food and a source of _____, usually _____. Definition Sugar. Enzymes. Barley. Term Why don't alcoholic beverages made from wet fruits need enzymes? Definition Wet fruits have plenty of sugar and do not need to break down starch. Term Four pre-paper writing surfaces. Definition Clay tablets, animal skins, papyrus, paper mulberry inner bark. Term Paper was invented in China by who and when? Definition By Lun in 105 AD Term Paper is made how? Definition Mixed fibers in water and strained through silk. Term Modern sources of fiber. (3) Definition Cotton, linen (flax), wood Term Rubber is a New/Old World plant. Definition New World Term The monomer for rubber. Definition Cis-Isoprene Term Rubber comes from a tropical tree, with ____ _____ embedded where? Definition Latex vessels. In the bark. Term How is rubber harvested? Definition The tree is tapped. Term The cotton gin was invented when and by who? Definition 1793 by Eli Whitney Term Which country leads the world in cotton production, with 50 mmt? Definition USA Term Tobacco comes from which part of the plant? Definition Leaf Term Tobacco was what for the original 13 colonies? Definition Economic base Term How big is the seed of the tobacco plant? Definition Exceedingly small.