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Exam 1 Review
Chapters 1-8
258
Medical
Undergraduate 1
09/17/2009
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Term
a-, an-
 Definition
no,not,without, lack of
Term
ad-
 Definition
toward, near to
Term
bi-
 Definition
two, double
Term
de-
 Definition
down, away from
Term
di-
 Definition
two, double
Term
dia-
 Definition
through, between
Term
dif-
 Definition
apart, free from
Term
dis-
 Definition
separate
Term
dys-
 Definition
painful, bad, difficult
Term
ec-, ecto-
 Definition
out, outside, outer
Term
end-, endo-
 Definition
within, inter
Term
ep-, epi-
 Definition
upon, over, above
Term
eu-
 Definition
good, normal
Term
ex-, exo-
 Definition
out, away from
Term
extra-
 Definition
outside, beyond
Term
hyper-
 Definition
above, beyond, excessive
Term
hypo-
 Definition
below, under, deficient
Term
in-
 Definition
in, into, not
Term
mega-
 Definition
large, great
Term
meta-
 Definition
beyond, over, between, change
Term
para-
 Definition
beside, abnormal
Term
poly-
 Definition
many, much, excessive
Term
post-
 Definition
after, behind
Term
pre-
 Definition
before, in front of
Term
pro-
 Definition
before, in front of
Term
super-
 Definition
above, beyond
Term
supra-
 Definition
above, beyond
Term
abdomin/o
 Definition
abdomen
Term
aden/o
 Definition
gland
Term
an/o
 Definition
anus
Term
andr/o
 Definition
men
Term
angi/o
 Definition
vessel
Term
appendage
 Definition
attached to or outgrowth
Term
appendic/o
 Definition
appendix
Term
arteri/o
 Definition
artery
Term
arthr/o
 Definition
joint
Term
cardi/o
 Definition
heart
Term
cephal/o
 Definition
head
Term
cerebro-
 Definition
part of brain
Term
cyst/o
 Definition
bladder
Term
cyt/o
 Definition
cell
Term
encephal/o
 Definition
brain
Term
enter/o
 Definition
intestines
Term
esophag/o
 Definition
esophagus
Term
gastro/o
 Definition
stomach
Term
gloss/o
 Definition
tongue
Term
gyne
 Definition
woman
Term
hem/o
 Definition
blood
Term
hepat/o
 Definition
liver
Term
hyster/o
 Definition
uterus
Term
ile/o
 Definition
ileum
Term
irid/o
 Definition
iris(eye)
Term
kerat/o
 Definition
cornea (eye)
Term
lamina
 Definition
flat part of vertebra
Term
laparo
 Definition
abdominal wall
Term
lingua
 Definition
tongue
Term
lob/o
 Definition
lobe
Term
mamm/o
 Definition
breast
Term
mast/o
 Definition
breast
Term
my/o
 Definition
muscle
Term
myel/o
 Definition
bone marrow
Term
myring/o
 Definition
eardrum
Term
nephr/o
 Definition
kidney
Term
neur/o
 Definition
nerve
Term
oophor/o
 Definition
ovary
Term
ophthalm/o
 Definition
eye
Term
orchi/o
 Definition
testicle
Term
oste/o
 Definition
bone
Term
ot/o
 Definition
ear
Term
pancreat/o
 Definition
pancreas
Term
pharyng/o
 Definition
pharynx
Term
phleb/o
 Definition
vein
Term
pneum/o
 Definition
lungs
Term
proct/o
 Definition
rectum
Term
prostat/o
 Definition
prostate gland
Term
pyel/o
 Definition
pelvis
Term
rect/o
 Definition
rectum
Term
ren/i
 Definition
renal (kidney)
Term
rhin/o
 Definition
nose
Term
sacr/o
 Definition
sacrum
Term
salping/o
 Definition
fallopian tube
Term
splen/o
 Definition
spleen
Term
spondyl/o
 Definition
vertebra
Term
steth/o
 Definition
chest
Term
stomat/o
 Definition
mouth
Term
ten/o
 Definition
tendon
Term
thorac/a
 Definition
thorax
Term
thyr/o
 Definition
thyroid gland
Term
trache/o
 Definition
trachea
Term
tympan/o
 Definition
eardrum
Term
ureter/o
 Definition
ureter
Term
vas/o
 Definition
vessel
Term
ven/i
 Definition
vein
Term
-age
 Definition
related to
Term
-centesis
 Definition
surgical puncture
Term
-cid
 Definition
kill
Term
-cis
 Definition
cut, kill, excise
Term
-clasis
 Definition
to break down
Term
-desis
 Definition
binding, stablization
Term
-ectomy
 Definition
excision, removal
Term
-iatry
 Definition
healing (by a physician)
Term
-ion
 Definition
process
Term
-lysis
 Definition
loosen, free from
Term
-osis
 Definition
condition of
Term
-os/tomy
 Definition
mouth, forming an opening
Term
-pexy
 Definition
fixation, suspension
Term
-plasty
 Definition
formation
Term
-stasis
 Definition
stop/control
Term
-therayp
 Definition
treatment
Term
-tomy
 Definition
incision
Term
-tripsy
 Definition
to crush
Term
-algia
 Definition
pain
Term
-cele
 Definition
hernia, swelling
Term
-dynia
 Definition
pain
Term
-ectasis
 Definition
dilation
Term
-emia
 Definition
blood
Term
-gen
 Definition
producing, beginning
Term
-gram
 Definition
record, picture
Term
-graph
 Definition
instrument for recording
Term
-iasis
 Definition
abnormal condition
Term
-itis
 Definition
inflammation
Term
-logy
 Definition
study of
Term
-malacia
 Definition
softening
Term
-megaly
 Definition
enlagement
Term
-meter
 Definition
instrument for measuring
Term
-metry
 Definition
process of measuring
Term
-oid
 Definition
resemble
Term
-oma
 Definition
tumor
Term
-osis
 Definition
abnormal condition
Term
-pathy
 Definition
disease
Term
-penia
 Definition
decrease
Term
-phagia
 Definition
eating, swallowing
Term
-phasia
 Definition
speech
Term
-phobia
 Definition
fear
Term
-plegia
 Definition
payalysis
Term
-ptosis
 Definition
prolapse
Term
-rrhage
 Definition
burst forth
Term
-rrhea
 Definition
discharge
Term
-rrhexis
 Definition
rupture
Term
-sclerosis
 Definition
hardening
Term
-scopy
 Definition
examination
Term
-spasm
 Definition
involuntary contraction
Term
bacillus
 Definition
rod-shaped bacteria
Term
coccus
 Definition
round shape bacteria
Term
dipl/o
 Definition
bacteria that growa in pairs
Term
staphyl/o
 Definition
bacteria that growa in clusters
Term
strept/o
 Definition
twisted bacteria
Term
alb-
 Definition
white
Term
chlor/o
 Definition
green
Term
chrom/o
 Definition
color
Term
cirrh/o
 Definition
orange-yellow
Term
cyan/o
 Definition
blue
Term
erthr/o
 Definition
red
Term
leuk/o
 Definition
white
Term
lutein/o
 Definition
saffron yellow
Term
melan/o
 Definition
black
Term
poli/o
 Definition
gray
Term
rhod/o
 Definition
red
Term
rubi/o
 Definition
reddish, redness
Term
xanth/o
 Definition
yellowish
Term
acro-
 Definition
extremities
Term
aero-
 Definition
air
Term
aniso-
 Definition
unequal
Term
brady-
 Definition
slow
Term
hemi-
 Definition
one side, half
Term
hetero-
 Definition
different
Term
homo-
 Definition
same
Term
hydro-
 Definition
water
Term
iso-
 Definition
equal, same
Term
lip-
 Definition
fat
Term
mal-
 Definition
bad, poor
Term
megalo-
 Definition
large (enlarged)
Term
meno-
 Definition
menses (menstration)
Term
noct-
 Definition
night
Term
nyct-
 Definition
night
Term
pan-
 Definition
all, every
Term
per-
 Definition
through
Term
peri-
 Definition
around
Term
pyo-
 Definition
pus
Term
re-
 Definition
back
Term
syn-
 Definition
going together
Term
tachy-
 Definition
fast
Term
aperture
 Definition
an opening or orifice
Term
canal (alimentary)
 Definition
digestive tube extending from the mouth to te anus
Term
canal (vaginal)
 Definition
the canal in the female from the vulva to the cervix uteri
Term
cavity
 Definition
a hollow place or space
Term
dilatation, dilation
 Definition
stretched beyond normal dimensions
Term
foramen
 Definition
natural opening or passage
Term
hiatus
 Definition
a gap, cleft
Term
introitus
 Definition
opening/entrance to a canal or cavity
Term
lumen
 Definition
opening within a hollow tube/organ
Term
meatus
 Definition
urinary passage/opening
Term
os
 Definition
mouth opening
Term
patent
 Definition
adjective, open or not plugged
Term
perforation
 Definition
a hole in something
Term
stoma
 Definition
artifical opening
Term
ventricle
 Definition
a small cavity or chamber
Term
uni-
 Definition
one
Term
gemini-
 Definition
double, pair
Term
tri-
 Definition
three
Term
tetra-
 Definition
four
Term
quint-
 Definition
five
Term
sexti-
 Definition
six
Term
septi-
 Definition
seven
Term
octa-
 Definition
eight
Term
nona-
 Definition
nine
Term
deca-
 Definition
ten
Term
multi-
 Definition
many
Term
primi-
 Definition
first
Term
semi-
 Definition
half (partially)
Term
ambi-
 Definition
both
Term
null-
 Definition
none
Term
ab-
 Definition
away from
Term
circum-
 Definition
around
Term
contra-
 Definition
opposition, against
Term
infra (sub)
 Definition
below, under
Term
intra-
 Definition
inside
Term
ipsi-
 Definition
same
Term
ir-
 Definition
into, toward
Term
meso-
 Definition
middle
Term
meta (supra)
 Definition
after, above
Term
retro-
 Definition
behind, backward
Term
sub-
 Definition
under, near
Term
trans-
 Definition
across, through
Term
anterior
 Definition
directed toward the front
Term
posterior
 Definition
directed toward the back
Term
cephalic
 Definition
pertaining to the head
Term
caudal
 Definition
situated toward the tail
Term
decubitus
 Definition
the act of laying down
Term
eversion
 Definition
a turning inside out
Term
extension
 Definition
monement bringing the members of a limb toward a straight condition
Term
flexion
 Definition
act of bending or being bent
Term
Fowler's
 Definition
head of the bed is raised 18-20in above level
Term
internal
 Definition
occuring within
Term
external
 Definition
occuring on the outside
Term
knee-chest
 Definition
Resting on knees and chest with the head turned to one side and arms are extended, elbows flexed
Term
lateral
 Definition
midline of the body
Term
bilateral
 Definition
having two sides
Term
lithotomy
 Definition
position in which the patient lies on their back, legs flexed on the thighs, thighs flexed on the abdomen and abducted
Term
medial
 Definition
situated toward the midline
Term
oblique
 Definition
slanting; incline
Term
peripheral
 Definition
an outward structure, portion of a system outside the central region
Term
proximal
 Definition
toward the center or median line, point of attachment or origin
Term
distal
 Definition
away from the heart
Term
quadrant
 Definition
one of four corresponding parts/quarters
Term
recumbent
 Definition
lying down
Term
rotation
 Definition
the process of turning around an axis
Term
Sims'
 Definition
lies on the left side and chest, right knee and thigh drawn up, left arm along the back
Term
sinistro
 Definition
left side
Term
dextro
 Definition
right side
Term
inferior
 Definition
situated below
Term
superior
 Definition
situated above
Term
supination
 Definition
act of placing or lying on the back
Term
prone
 Definition
lying face downward or on the ventral surface
Term
pronation
 Definition
the act of assuming the prone position
Term
Trendelenburg's
 Definition
supine on a surface inglined 45 degrees, head is lower than the legs
Term
upright
 Definition
perpendicular; vertical
Term
audi/o
 Definition
concerned with hearing
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