Andrew

Mellon

1855-1937: U.S. financer. Mellon became the owner and manager of the family banking firm, T. Mellon & Sons.

Anarchism

Buck

vs

Bell

Virginia passed the Eugenics Sterilization Act . Carrie buck was the first one to be sterilized under this law. This was brought to trial and witnesses offered testimony on her defects that she had inherited. The law was upheld by Supreme Court.

Influenza

Pandemic

1918

At this time the cause was unknown and was assumed to be the swine flu. Human to human transmission helped spread the flu and humans had no immunity to virus. There was a first wave were the virus had spread thru military camps were soldiers were really close which made it easy to spread and the second wave in Boston because the war brought the flu. Bodies piled up and places were packed with sick people or dead people. It was the most devestating epidemic in recorded world history.

Alfred

Thayer

Mahan

was the eras most influential naval strategist and was one of the main forces behind the new navy. HE emphasized the importance of strong navy in his book"The Influence of Sea Power upon History." He called for a canal across the isthmus of Panama, naval bases in the Caribean and Pacific, annexation of Hawaii and other islands. Mahanism cast aside isolationism and began to look forward.

Progressivism

Series of political and cultural responses to industrialization and its by products; immigration, urbanization, corporate power and class division. Strengths lay in the cities, and it enlisted journalists, academics, and social theorists.

Red

Scare

A wave of anticommunist, antiforeign, and antilabor hysteria that swept over America at the end of  WWI. It resulted in the deportation of many alien residents and the violation of the civil liberties of many of its victims.

Sacco-

Vanzetti

Trial

Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti were two alein men in Massachusetts who in May of 1920 were charged with payroll robbery and murder. They were persecuted more on theor views than on what they supposedly did. The courts rejected all appeals and they died in the electric chair on  August 23,1927. Their fate symbolized the bigotry and intolerance that lasted thru the 1920's.

Social

Darwinism

Adapted by Herbert Spencer from Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, this theory held that the"laws" of evolution applied to human life, that change or reform took centuries, and that the "fittest" would succeed in business and social relationships. State intervention would interfere with natural process.

Social-

Justice

Movement

During the 1890's and after, this movement attracted followers and who sought to free people from the often devastating impact of of urban life. It focused on the need for tenement house laws, more stringent child labor regulations,and better working conditions for women. Social-justice reformers also brought pressure on municipal agencies for better community services  and facilities.

Spanish-

American

War

In 1868-78 America ignores the pleas of Cuban rebels for help. During the 1880-90's American investments in cuba multiplied. It established America as a dominant force and brought American colonies and millions of colonial subjects together. It strengthened the office of the presidency, swept the nation together in a tide of emotion.

New

Imperialism

In the 1870's and 1880's the Great Powers of Europe partitioned almost the entire uncolonized portion of the globe.

Theodore

Roosevelt

"Speak softly and carry a big stick."