Term
| darwin noticed that many organisms seemed well suited to |
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Definition
| surviving in the environment they inhabited |
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Term
| the species of finches that charles darwin found on the Galapagos Islands displayed different structural adaptations. One of the adaptations that Darwin noted was the |
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Definition
| birds' different shaped beaks |
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Term
| James Hutton's and Charles Lyell's work was important to Darwin because theses scientists |
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Definition
| suggested that earth was old enough for evolution to have occured |
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Term
| Lamarck's theory of evolution includes the concept that new organs in a species appear as a result of |
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Definition
| the actions of organisms as they use or fail to use body structures |
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Term
| Darwin realized that the economist Malthus's theory of population occurred |
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Definition
| could be generalized to any population of organisms |
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Term
| according to darwin;s theory of natural selection, individuals who survive are the ones |
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Definition
| possession of inherited adaptions that maximize fitness |
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Term
| when a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved is |
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Definition
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Term
| what is a statement about the members of a population that live long enough to reproduce is consistent with theory of natural selection |
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Definition
| darwin;s concept of evolution was not influenced by knowledge about the structure of DNA |
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Term
| people of charles darwins time understood that fossils |
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Definition
| were preserved remains of ancient organisms |
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Term
| the same kinds of cells that grow in similar patterns in different but related organisms produce |
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Definition
| homologous structures such as wings and arms |
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Term
| name 3 concepts included in the modern theory of evolution |
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Definition
1. descent with modification
2. natural selection
3. competition among the members of a population |
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Term
| if an allele makes up one fourth of a population's alleles for a given trait, its relative frequency is |
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Definition
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Term
| a change in a sequence of DNA is called a |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the two main sources of genetic variation are |
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Definition
| gene shuflling and mutations |
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Term
| the phenotypes for a typical polygenic trait can often be expressed as |
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Definition
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Term
| when individuals at only one end of a bell curve of phenotype frequencies have high fitness, the result is |
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Definition
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Term
| in a population of finches in which one group of birds has a short, parrotlike beak and another group has a long, narrow beak, what process has probably occurred |
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Definition
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Term
| what proportion of all species that have ever lived has become extinct |
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Definition
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Term
| earths most recent era is the |
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Definition
|
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Term
| why did oceans not exist on earth nearly 4 billion years again |
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Definition
| water remained a gas because earth was very hot |
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Term
| miller and ureys experiments attempted to demonstrate |
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Definition
| whether organic molecules could have formed before life was present |
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Term
| what prevents organic molecules from forming on their own and remaining intact today |
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Definition
| atmospheric oxygen is too reactive |
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Term
| proteinoid microspheres are tiny bubbles that resemble cells because they |
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Definition
| have selectively permeable membranes |
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Term
| the cambrian explosion resulted in the evolution of the first |
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Definition
| representatives of most animal phyla |
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Term
| the process by which two species, for example, a flower and a pollinating insect, evolve in response to changes in each other over time is called |
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Definition
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Term
| a single species that has evolved into several different forms that live in different ways has undergone |
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Definition
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Term
| one way master control genes, or hox genes, could have affected evolution is |
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Definition
| through small changes during embryonic development that led to different body plans |
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Term
| when did darwin propose natural selection took place |
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Definition
| when individuals best suited to their environment survive and reproduce |
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Term
| what two things did darwin base the success of an organism off of |
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Definition
| long periods of survival and the reproduction of fertile young |
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Term
| what does the number of possible phenotypes of a trait depend on |
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Definition
| how many genes control the trait |
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Term
| the process of speciation |
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Definition
| two populations have been reproductively isolated and can no longer breed and produce fertile offspring |
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Term
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Definition
| building blocks of proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| eukaryotic cells arose from living communities of several prokaryotic organisms |
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