Term
|
Definition
| a program of reform aimed to make better Christians through better education |
|
|
Term
Erasmus
(Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam) |
|
Definition
| spent his life restoring the direct connection between the individual Christian and the textual basis of Christian doctrine. Known as the father of biblical criticism. As a Christian humanist, he advocated religious and biblical education toward a simple faith accessible to all." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Catholic priest that started the protestant movement, founder of the Lutheran Church even though it wasn't his intent." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A list of issues that Martin Luther had with the Catholic Church |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "founded the Calvinist Church in Geneva, was pushed into this by Guillaume Farel, a protestant reformer looking for someone to lead the faithful. Calvin's greatest contribution came in reform of church structure and discipline. " |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a second generation of reformer who worked on building a systematic doctrine. Worked to create enduring protestant churches. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "brought Christian reform to Zurich, called the mass, the Lord's Supper. Organized a formal military alliance of the Protestant Swiss town. Died on the battlefield defending the state." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "left the Catholic Church because he couldn't get a second exception from the Pope to divorce Catherin of Aragon. Claimed title/founded the Anglican Church, naming himself as the head of the church." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| " half sister of Mary Tudor, Henry VIII's daughter, returned England to Protestantism" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| queen of France (1547-59) and mother of the last three Valois kings of France. She was a major force in French politics during the 30 years of Roman Catholic-Huguenot wars and an instigator of the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "an insult or abusive term, coined to identify people who practiced adult baptism. " |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spiritual movement that emphasized simple personal form of religious practice. Lead a simple Christian life. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "founded the Jesuits, which traveled the world converting people to Catholicism ." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "meeting of the Catholic Church leaders to correct a number of abused on the Church, including the sale of indulgences, and stressed the obligations of priest and bishops to preach to their congregation. No concessions, were made to Protestants." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reforms within the Catholic Church to stop Protestant protest and reunify the Catholic Church. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Calvinist
French Protestants mostly Calvinist, the French crown force John Calvin out of France. Still, Huguenot numbers increased in the south of France.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a struggle between French Catholic's and French Protestants or Calvinist which later became know as Huguenots.
Would last from 1562 until 1598. The wars were as much over political power as religion. In the end, the wars would cripple the population, ruin the economy, and weaken the monarchy. Catholic and Huguenot armies would roam the county and destroy the lands of each other.
|
|
|
Term
| St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre |
|
Definition
| " in an attempt at reconciliation Catherine de Medicis tries to marry her daughter, Margaret, to Henry of Navarre a Huguenot. Which is foiled by the Guise family, when they attempted to assassinate the Huguenot leader while at the wedding." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "a major player in the French Wars of Religion was formed by Duke Henry of Guise in 1576. In a time when religious fundamentalism was unusual, the League was an extremist group bent on the eradication of French Protestants--also known as Calvinists or Huguenots--during the Protestant Reformation." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "a leader of the Huguenots who was to wed Catherine de Medicis daughter to help end the French religious wars. He would become the French King in 1589 (Henry IV). Converted to Catholic after being crowned. Proclaimed the Edict of Nantes. He survived 18 attempts on his life, but was assassinated in 1610." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "granted limited toleration to the Huguenots, One king two faiths, but didn't end religious fighting." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| " Ruled Spain at the height of its power, was called the paper king because of his high work ethic in running the country. Broke the back of the Ottoman expansion of the Mediterranean ocean. Attempted to do the same to the English, but faster English ships and bad weather lead to the destruction of the Spanish Armada." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a huge fleet of ships sent by Philip II to crush the English one and for all. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "The so-called ""Council of Blood"" was a popular name for the ""Council of Troubles"" created by the Duke of Alba, Spanish governor of the Netherlands, in 1567. The job of this Council was to try cases of suspected treason committed by Protestant rebels against the Catholic government imposed by Spain. Over the course of six years, it is estimated that the Council heard over 12,000 cases which resulted in 9000 convictions and over 1000 executions. Fear of the Council of Blood caused many rebels and Calvinists - about 2 percent of the entire population - to flee the Netherlands entirely during Alba's rule." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a parliamentary body that represented the Polish landed elite. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a struggle for control of the Russian throne after the death of Ivan the Terrible in 1584. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "1618-1648 During the Thirty Years War the opponents were, on the one hand, the House of Austria: the Habsburg Holy Roman Emperors Ferdinand II and Ferdinand III together with their Spanish cousin Philip IV." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "put the pieces of the map of European stated back together, by ending most of conflicts that took place during the 30 years war. " |
|
|
