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| city in Italy where the Renaissance began |
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| the banking family who was responsible for funding many of the works of the Renaissance artists. |
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| Christian religion that was created when there was a split in the Catholic Church in 1054. The Byzantine Empire created their own version of Christianity which dominated Eastern Europe and Russia for centuries. |
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| Movement against the Roman Catholic Church where new Christian religions were formed mostly based on an individual interpretation of the bible. |
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| started the Protestant Reformation when he created the Lutheran Church which was the first Protestant Religion. |
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| A list of corruptions that Martin Luther posted on the church door at Wittenberg that set off the Protestant Revolution. |
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| The Roman Catholic Church collecting money for forgiveness of sins. |
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| Agreement between Charles V and the German Princes that allowed the German Princes to choose the religion for their individual kingdoms. |
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| Founder of Calvinism which was another Protestant religion. It was based on the idea of predestination |
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| the Calvinist belief that God has already chosen the “elect” who are the people who are going to heaven. |
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| What the French called the Calvinist followers in France. |
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| Allowed religious freedom in France. |
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| Period of time when European countries began looking for a water route to get to Asia (1400’s to 1600’s). |
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| Prince Henry the Navigator |
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| name given to the Monarch of Portugal for funding schools and expeditions that supported the Age of Exploration. |
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| First European explorer to make it around Africa thus opening up the East to future European exploration. |
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| French King who is considered to be the best example of an absolute Monarch. |
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| representative body of the French people who in reality had little say in government. |
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| belief that monarchs received their power to rule from God. |
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| Monarchs who had unchecked power over their countries. |
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| English King who created the Anglican church (church if England) in order to be able to divorce his wife so that he may have a son. |
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| queen of England (1558--1603); daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. She established the Church of England (1559) and put an end to Catholic plots, notably by executing Mary Queen of Scots (1587) and defeating the Spanish Armada (1588). Her reign was notable for commercial growth, maritime expansion, and the flourishing of literature, music, and architecture. |
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| The part of English law that is derived from custom and past judicial rulings rather than rules |
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| A charter of liberty and political rights obtained from King John of England by his rebellious barons at Runnymede in 1215 |
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| A law requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge or into court |
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| A statement of the rights of a class of people, in particular |
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| the development of industry(factories) on an large scale |
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| the doctrine that government should not interfere in commercial affairs |
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| An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit |
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| A political and economic theory of that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the government |
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| A political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs |
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