Details Title: Euro chap 14-15 Description: opossum Total Flash Cards: 91 Created: 11/19/2008 19:24:17		New Users: To study from this flashcard set, or to create your own your own study flash cards, REGISTER HERE. Existing Users: CLICK HERE. Additional Aviation Flashcards
Cards in this set: Term anabaptists Definition roots-germany and switzerland key figures-lead by preacher desciptions babies weren't baptised until they understood significance still exists in mennonite and hetterite civilizations Term catholic Definition roots- followers of jesus persecuted heavily Key figures pope paul III-counter reformation pope paul VI creates index of forbidden books Council of Trent Term Jesuits Definition followed jesus description- stressed education combine humanist values and technology Term theocracy Definition a gov ruled by clergy claiming god's authority Term peace of ausburg Definition compromise between charles V and German protestant princes each german rler had the right to choose the religion of his state Term Long term causes of the Reformation Definition Plague Corruption 1.Simony(buying selling offices) 2.Pluralism(holding multiple offices) 3.Benifice(salary) 4.annate(know how to get more than one job) 5.regular everyday drinking and gambling Great Schism Worship of Relics $making scheme of selling holy things- aka "i dibs the eye ball!!!" Term sects Definition hundreds of new religious groups emerging throughout germany and switzerland anabaptists-still survive today Term humanists Definition people who specilized in humanities -grammer rhetoric history and poetry searched out greek and latin manuscripts beleifs- need to know how things work lead meaningful lives independent dignity accept death Term origins of Italian renaissance Definition renewed intrest in Greek and Roman lit crusades and trade w/ africa and asia-introduced ideas italien cities-rich in trade and industry Lorenzo medici-leader of flourence influenced artist awakening Term Huldrych Zwingli Definition met w/ luther agreed on 95 thesis disagreed on forms of worship and use of images stirred up reform in switzerland-beginning of calvanism died in battle between catholics and protestants Term Edict of Nantes Definition issued by king henery IV gave huguonots freedom of worship and political rights Term huguenots Definition calvanist supporters Term results of reformation and counter reformation Definition emergence of many diff churches in west europe new intrest in education increase in power of national gov't decrease in power of the pope Term scientific revolution Definition transformation in thinking people doubled-nothing was beleived unless proved by mathmatics or experamentation newly invented instruments barometer microscope thermometer Term Desiderius Erasmus Definition dutch scholor must influential humanist in North europe intrested in early cristian period as well as early roman and greek culture The Praise of Folly-rediculed ignorance and superstition+ vice in cristains Term Johannes Gutenberg Definition developed the printing press in europe Term Titian Definition the assumption of the virgin holy roman empire sponsered him 1st painters to obtain wealth Term baldassare Castiglione Definition italien diplomat book of courtier most famous book of the renaissance courtesey how people should act Term Niccolo Machiavelli Definition Florance Diplomat most illustrious of renaissance writers The Prince -how he felt gov should actually work Term Pieter Brueghel Definition used painting to criticise intolerance and cuelty Term Albrect Durer Definition copper engravings and wood carvings see posibilities of illistrations in books Term hans holbein the younger Definition painted portraits of famous people of eramus thomas more and king heneryVII Term Michelangelo Buonarroti Definition painted ffrescos in sistine chapel of vatican sculped davis and moses architect of st peters basilica in rome Term Martin Luther Definition protested Tetzle's behavior only thing that counts to get saved is inner faith in god developed lutherism posted 95 thesis 3 publications attacked pope banished formm empire for printing of works translated bible into german Term treaty of tordesillas Definition moved pope alex VI division line down the atlantic ocean further west (divides spain w/ portugal) Term reasons for spain's decline Definition over popultion inflation high taxes Term calvanism Definition John Calvin(institutes of cristain religion geneva(theocracy) huldrych Zwingii predestination Huldrych Zwingii Term reasons for portugal's decline Definition overextended population decline annexed by spain dutch end english picked of slack once they started declining Term Raphael Definition painted frescoes in papal chambers painted madonnas-mary School of Athens classicalism-education tribute to excess of learning in greece and rome Term protestants Definition princes who supported luther protested the emperors treatment of lutherism followers of luther and all later reformers Term imperial diet Definition special meeting of the rulers of the empire at the city of worms holy roman emperor charles V summoned luther here to put punishment into effect Term Frederick the Wise Definition protected luther and provided a place for him to hide while the uproar cause by the confrontatoin at the diet of worms calmed down Term 95 thesis Definition martin luther posted on church doors statements about indulgences and other problems with the church Term 95 thesis Definition martin luther posted on church doors statements about indulgences and other problems with the church Term copernicus Definition sun-centered universe beleved planets orbited in perfect cicles plish found ancient writings of sun centerd univers couldent prove it Term pope leo X Definition sent tetzel to sell indulgences to riase funds in north germany delclared marthin luther heretic and excommunicated him Term johann tetzel Definition monk sent by pope leo x to raise funds in north germany-sold indulgences misuse appaulled north humanists(want spiratual church) Term inflation Definition a raise in prices for goods Term broadsides Definition single printed sheets might include a royal decree or news of sensational crime pictures for illiterate Term predestination Definition god decide at the beginning who would be saved Term predestination Definition god decide at the beginning who would be saved Term results of reformation and the counter reformation Definition emergence of many diff churches in w euro new intrest in education increase in power of national giv't decrease in power of the pope Term characteristics of renaissance art Definition blue background linear perspective symmetry classiacm use of light and shadow indivudalism realism nature secularism anatomy Term 1st break of the roman catholic church in germany Definition germany lack strong central gov holy roman empire had no rule in germany Term lutheranism Definition germany martin luther reformed catholic ideas publish 3 things attackign the pope inner faith in god save ministers w/ no special power 2 sacraments bible=ultamite truth not pope Term anglicans Definition king henery VIII wanted divorce but pope wouldent grant it King Henery VIII pope clement VII catherine aragon -catholicism w/ divorce -adopted some protestant doctrines Term subsides Definition helped extablish new industries and build ships loans from gov Term presbyterians Definition scottland sect of protestantism bible highest regard grace and faith through salvation Term antoine lavoisier Definition law of conservation of matter Term bacon Definition similar to descarte only repeatable experimentation and observation can prove inductive not deductive Term descartes Definition philosopher and scientist french one should question everythign Term harvey Definition english physician uses lab experiments to learn about heart Term vesalius Definition flemish scientist gets exacuted criminals and bodies and cuts them up to learn about anotomy Term galileo Definition made a telescope laid foundation for matter curch disagreed-called heretic italiam professor Term ptolemy Definition earth centered universe geocentric Term gottfriend wilhelm Definition developed calculus Term antoni von leeuwenhoek Definition discovered bacteria used 1st microscope Term robert boyle Definition founder of modern chemistry Term joseph priestley Definition discovered oxygen Term viceroys Definition representatives of the monarch reported to the council of indies in spain planned and directed development of the empire Term guerilla warfare Definition swift raids by bands of soldgiers to keep spanish army off balance Term fugue Definition 3 or 4 melody that repeats featured by johann sebastian bach boroque Term counter-point Definition 2 melodies that work together but could stand alone freatured in invention no.8 in f major by bach-boroque Term concerto Definition one instument soloing while others support it featured in the four seasons by vivaldi Term harpsichord Definition piano w/ a plunger that keeps noises the same volume featured in largo by bach boroque Term classical music Definition emotional passionate Joseph Haydn father of symphony wolfgang amadeus mozart child prodigy Term boroque music Definition odd masses to stir up counter reformation religious music johann sebastian bach antonio vavaldi Term characteristics of boroque art Definition connected to counter reformation dark many large fleshy nudes bodys twisted in strange positions large paintings very emotional Term 4 most outstanding artists fo the renaissance Definition donatello michelangelo leonardo raphael Term commercial revolution Definition period of extensice changes in euro economy developed standard system of money italy dead way in minting coins w/ fix value encouraged international trade and banking Term economic causes of exploration Definition standedized $ joint stock companies commercial revolution Term concil of trent Definition 3 meetings defined catholic doctrins banned indulgences tightened clergy di scipline reaffirmed inportance of catholic church Term counter reformation Definition catholic reformation clarified doctrines of the church and persued an aggresive champaign against protestantism Term reformation Definition religious revolution which split the church in w europe and created several new churches Term holy roman emperor charles V Definition summoned luther to imperial diet put excommunication into effect luther refused-banished from empire and prohibited sale or printing of works opposed luthers doctrines and did what he coudl to keep lutheranism from spreading Term kepler Definition discovered planets circled sun in orbits german mathmatician tested heliocentric theory Term newton Definition builds of copernicus kepler galileo laws of motion laws of universal gravitation Term robert hooke Definition discovered cells Term perspective Definition contributed to realism distant objects-smaller than foreground create depth Term donatello Definition david -ist freestanding naked statue since the greeks religion not present man is standing alone w/o god Term triangular trade Definition europe-cotton weapons alcohol-africa-middle passage slaves-americas-products -europe Term astrolabe Definition applied astronomy to geometry to navigation determmined ships latitude Term galleys Definition long ships that carried most euro trade slaves and prisoners profelled it w/ oars Term tariffs Definition import taxes Term favorable balance of trade Definition country getting wealth by selling more goods than it brought Term merchantilism Definition theory that gov't should do all it could to increase country's wealth world only had fixed amount of wealth-for country to gain wealth, took it from another Term joint-stock commpanies Definition ind. merchants combined resources raised $ by selling stock to investors Term what are the political causes of exploration Definition $ provided by monarchs Term what are the technology causes of exploration Definition compass galley astrobale mapmaking cannons Term social causes of exploration Definition population increased overcrowded religious persecution seekign riches spread chrisianity Term short term causes of the reformation Definition infulgences church needed money building catherdral st.peter crusades art fuggers-send otu tetzles