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ETHICS TEST 3
N/A
62
Philosophy
Undergraduate 2
12/09/2012

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Term
How many were in US jails in 2002
Definition
2 million
Term
the U.S now incarcerates ...
Definition
one fifth of the worlds prisoners
Term
how much do executions cost tax payers
Definition
more than 240 million
Term
why do executions cost more?
Definition
bc of appeals that can last up to 15 years
Term
abolitionists
Definition
want appeals;without them more innocents may become victims of a flawed legal system
Term
retentionists
Definition
justice should have no price tag and the disparity can be limited with less appeals
Term
how many inmates are in federal prisons
Definition
72%
Term
how many inmates are in state prisons
Definition
23%
Term
how mant are in prison and have mental illness
Definition
16%
Term
how many are hispanic
Definition
16%
Term
How many will be white?
Definition
1.4%
Term
How many are homeless
Definition
3/4 and enter it around 3 or more times
Term
how many people are murdered each year
Definition
more than 15000
Term
states with the largest death row population
Definition
592 california and 450 in texas
Term
who do not have the death penalty?
Definition
district of columbia and 11 states
Term
how many countries do have the death penalty?
Definition
97
Term
how many countries have abolished it or saved it for war crimes?
Definition
70
Term
gregg vs georgia
Definition
the case that reinstated the death penalty in 1976. gregg was guilty on charges of armed robbery and murder
Term
reasons to oppose the death penalty
Definition
1. risk of executing innocent
2. withheld evidence
3. mistaken eyewitnesses
4. simple error
5. dna issue
Term
innocence project
Definition
scheck and neufield; bar association agreed to have a moratorium until more fairness was established
Term
northwestern university journalism classs
Definition
class was given 13 people who were scheduled for execution,found 3 of them innocent. one was scheduled to be executed in 48 hrs.
Term
what was sister helens ministry prior to meeting mathew poncelet
Definition
teaching and education
Term
what was the crime mathew is accused of
Definition
raping and killing a young couple
Term
what was mathew's attitude in regard to the charges?
Definition
he denied it many times and wouldnt come clean about the charges
Term
when did mathew admit he was quilty?
Definition
right before he was executed while having a conversation with sister helen. last thing helen said to him was i want the last thing you to see is a face of love.
Term
at the beginning of the relationship what wassister helens relationship with mathew
Definition
distant..he only needed her help to get an appeal.
Term
Moral Nihilism
Definition
there are no moral qualities in the world
Term
skepticism
Definition
does not believe something until there is sufficient evidence to prove it
Term
subjectivism
Definition
ethical theory that states that your moral belief is right simply because you believe it
Term
soft universalism
Definition
the ethical theory that although humans may not agree on all moral rules or all customs, there are a few bottom-line rules we can agree on. (care of children, rape)
Term
hard universalism
Definition
aka moral absolutism; holds that there is one universal moral code
Term
ethical relativism
Definition
there is no right or wrong or universal moral truth
each culture has its own set of rules
viewed as an attitude of tolerance so that other countries dont set their culture on other ones
Term
virture
Definition
a morally good person. virtue ethics where the moral life is all about developing GOOD CHARACTER
Term
character
Definition
something we are born with but is molded to a certain extent when weare young and tested throughout or lives. developed by nature and nurture
Term
natural law
Definition
the non written law that is essential for a human being to function well. discovered by aristotle and rediscovered by Aquinas.
Term
the goal of natural law
Definition
good
Term
what is natural for humans?
Definition
preservation of life
procreation
socialization
pursuit of knowledge of god
Term
natural law is...3
Definition
prescriptive or how we ought to behave
the moral law written into nature itself
a higher level than civil law
Term
KANTS DEONTOLOGY
Definition
moral obligation
opposite of consequentialism
theory that disregards consequences,but rather looks at the rightness or wrongness of an act
Term
the categorical imperative
Definition
kants; an absolute moral rule that is justified based on its logic.you do it b.c of the duty at hand not bc of desire
Term
hypothetical imperative
Definition
a command that is binding only if one is interested in a certain result. for ones own desire.
Term
jeremy bentham
Definition
hedonist calculus
Term
hedonist calculus
Definition
the pros and cons of two things that are in the same category
based on intensity, duration, certainty, propinquity, fecundity, purity and extent
Term
socrates
Definition
never wrote anything down, critical reflection; the unexamined life is not worth living
Term
Plato
Definition
student of socrates; responsible for socrates' theory of the cave; most famous for the republic
Term
Aristotle
Definition
first to attempt a classification of knowledge; nickomachean ethics; teleological view-purpose explains everything in the universe
Term
period of enlightenment
Definition
18th century, the rights of an individual, the importance of education and objectivity of science.
Term
what is the issue btw doctor and nurse
Definition
didnt go along with what doctor wanted
Term
what does bobby want to do
Definition
put the daughter on stand, plea bargain not go to court
Term
what does the prosecutor ask the patients husband?
Definition
are you sure you were a sound mind during this situation
Term
how does the doctor describe the procedure
Definition
a managed death
Term
what are the two ethical issues at stake
Definition
euthanasia and gambling
Term
what issues does the prosecutor bring up
Definition
insurance, how well do you know him
Term
what does eleanor say to bobby
Definition
my god bobby you would think you were on trial here
Term
last resort
Definition
war can be just only if all other ways of restoring peace have been exhausted (negotiations, sanctions)
Term
just cause
Definition
only way a country can defend its values and life of innocent citizens against aggression and restoring peace
Term
legitimate, competent authority
Definition
war can only be declared by a competent government authority
Term
comparitive justice
Definition
the values and rights that are being defended must be so important that their defense outweighs the horrors of war
Term
right intention
Definition
the intention must be to defenf the rights in question, and not have some ulterior motive, such as gaining territory or enhancing business
Term
probability of success
Definition
there has to be a reasonable assumption that the war will accomplish its goal
Term
proportionality of ends
Definition
the costs of the war nust not exceed the presumed benefits. some victories are too costly, as any utilitarian will tell you.
Term
discrimination
Definition
descerning and discriminating btw combatant and noncombatants
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