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Details Title: Esthetics Description: Vocabulary - Histology of the Skin Total Flash Cards: 77 Created: 05/24/2006 07:10:15	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term acid mantle Definition barrier on the surface of the skin formed by sebum and sweat Term acne Definition a chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands characterized by comedones and blemishes; also known as acne simplex or acne vulgaris Term acne exoriee Definition a disorder where clients purposely scrape off acne lesions causing scarring and discoloration Term actinic keratoses Definition pink or flesh-colored precancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough usually as the result of sun damage Term adipose (fat) tissue Definition a protective cushion that gives contour and smoothness to the body Term albinism Definition the absence of melanin pigment in the body including skin hair and eyes; the albino is at risk for cancer development is sensitive to light and ages early without normal melanin protection (the technical term for albinism is congenital leukoderma) Term alipidic Definition lack of oil Term anhidrosis Definition a deficiency in perspiration often a result of a fever or skin disease which requires medical treatment Term apocrine glands Definition coiled structures attached to hair follicles found in the underarm and genital areas Term arrector pili muscle Definition located in the base of the hair follicle; when it contracts the hair stands straight up causing goosebumps Term asteatosis Definition dry scaly skin from sebum deficiency which can be due to aging body disorders alkalies of harsh soaps or cold exposure Term atopic dermatitis Definition dermatitis is generally detected to overreactive immune systems and is prevalent in people with nasal allergies and asthma Term bacilli/bacillus Definition short rod-shaped bacteria; the most common bacteria; produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw) typhoid fever tuberculosis and diptheria Term bacteria Definition one-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics; some are harmful some harmless; also known as microbes or germs Term bacterial conjunctivitis Definition pink eye Term barbae folliculitis Definition ingrown hairs from shaving Term barrier function Definition lipid matrix that protects the skin's surface Term basal cell carcinoma Definition the most common and the least severe type of skin cancer which often appears as light pearly nodules Term bloodborne pathogen Definition disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are carried through the body in the blood or body fluids Term bromhidrosis Definition foul-smelling perspiration usually in the armpits or on the feet Term bulla; bullae Definition a large blister containing watery fluid; similar to a vesicle but larger Term ceramides Definition lipid materials that are a natural part of the intercellular cement Term chloasma Definition increased pigmentation; liver spots Term cocci Definition round bacteria that appear alone or in groups Term comedone Definition an open comedo or blackhead; a mass of hardened sebum and skin cells in a hair follicle; when the follicle is filled with an excess of oil a blackhead forms; it is dark because it is exposed to oxygen and oxidizes; closed comedones do not have a follicular opening and are called milia or whiteheads Term contact dermatitis Definition an allergic reaction from contact with a substance or chemical; poison ivy is a form of allergic contact dermatitis; irritants cause irritant contact dermatitis; occupational disorders from ingredients in cosmetics and chemical solutions can cause contact dermatitis or dermatitis venenata; contact with chemicals can cause skin sensitivity or disorders; allergies and skin eruptions are common Term contaminated Definition when an object or product has microorganisms in or on it Term couperous skin Definition redness; distended capillaries from weakening of the capillary walls Term cross-contamination Definition contamination that occurs when you touch an object such as the skin and then touch an object or product with the same hand or utensil Term crust Definition dead cells form over a wound or blemish while it is healing resulting in an accumulation of sebum and pus sometimes mixed with epidermal material; an example is the scab on a sore Term cyst Definition a closed abnormally developed sac containing fluid infection or other matter above or below the skin Term decontamination Definition removal of pathogens and other substances from tools and surfaces Term dermatitis Definition any inflammatory condition of the skin; various forms of lesions such as eczema vesicles or papules; a type of allergic dermatitis is caused by food substances objects or drugs Term dermis Definition live layer of connective tissue below the epidermis Term diplococci Definition spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia Term disinfection Definition second highest level of decontamination nearly as effective as sterilization but does not kill bacterial spores; used on hard nonporous surfaces Term eczema Definition an inflammatory painful itching disease of the skin acute or chronic in nature with dry or moist lesions; this should be referred to a physician; seborrheic dermatitis mainly affecting oily areas is a common form of eczema Term edema Definition swelling caused by a response to injury or infection Term elastin Definition protein fiber found in the dermis Term endocrine (ductless) glands Definition glands (such as the thyroid pituitary and suprarenal glands) that release hormonal secretions directly into the bloodstream Term epidermis Definition the outermost layer of skin; a thin protective layer with many nerve endings Term erythema Definition redness caused by inflammation; a red lesion is erythemic Term excoriation Definition a skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping Term exocrine (duct) glands Definition glands that produce a substance that travels through small tubelike ducts such as the sudiferous (sweat) glands and the sebaceous (oil) glands Term fissure Definition a crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis; chapped lips or hands are fissures Term Fitzpatrick Scale Definition scale used to measure the skin type's ability to tolerate sun exposure Term fungi/fungus Definition vegetable (plant) parasites including molds mildews and yeasts Term furuncle Definition a subcutaneous abscess filled with pus; also called boils furuncles are caused by bacteria from the hair follicles Term hair bulb Definition the swelling at the base of the follicle that provides the hair with nourishment; it is a thick club-shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root Term hair follicle Definition the tubular shield that surrounds the lower part of the hair shaft; the "pore" where hairs grow Term hair root Definition part of the hair that lies within the follicle Term hair shaft Definition portion of the hair that extends or projects beyond the skin consisting of the outer layer (cuticle) inner layer (medulla) and the middle layer (cortex); color changes happen in the cortex Term hepatitis Definition disease marked by inflammation of the liver and caused by a bloodborne virus Term herpes simplex Definition fever blisters or cold sores; a recurring viral infection consisting of a vesicle or group of vesicles on a red swollen base; the blisters usually appear on the lips or nostrils; it is a contagious disease Term histology Definition science of the minute structures of organic tissues; microscopic anatomy Term HIV Definition human immunodeficiency virus; virus that causes AIDS Term hyperhidrosis Definition excessive perspiration caused by heat or body weakness; medical treatment is required Term hyperkeratinization Definition an excessive build-up of dead skin cells/keratinized cells Term hyperpigmentation Definition overproduction of pigment Term hypertrichosis Definition excessive hair growth where hair does not normally grow Term hypertrophy Definition an abnormal growth; many are benign or harmless Term hypopigmentation Definition lack of pigment Term immunity Definition ability of the body to destroy any bacteria that have gained entrance to the body and to resist infection in general Term impetigo Definition a bacterial infection often occurring in children characterized by clusters of small blisters Term infection Definition the invasion of body tissues by disease-causing (pathogenic) microorganisms; having evidence of pus Term integumentary system Definition the skin and its accessory organs such as the oil and sweat sensory receptors hair and nails Term intercellular cement Definition lipids which protect the cells from water loss and provide hydration Term keloid Definition a thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissues; collagen Term keratin Definition fiber protein that provides resiliency and protection to the skin Term keratinocytes Definition soft keratin which produces scale-like cells on the stratum corneum Term keratoma Definition an acquired thickened patch of epidermis; a callous caused by pressure or friction is a keratoma Term keratoses Definition abnormally thick build-up of cells Term keratosis pilaris Definition redness and bumpiness in the cheeks or upper arms from blocked follicles; exfoliation can help unblock follicles and alleviate the rough feeling Term lentigenes Definition freckles; small yellow/brown colored spots; lentigenes that result from sunlight exposure are actinic or solar lentigenes; patches are referred to as large macules Term lesions Definition structural changes in tissues caused by damage or injury Term leukoderma Definition light abnormal patches caused by a burn or congenital disease that destroys the pigment-producing cells; vitiligo and albinism are leukodermas Term local infection Definition infection that is confined to a particular part of the body and is indicated by a lesion containing pus