Term
Classify the seizure type under partial or generalized:
simple, complex, +/- secondarily generalized tonic-clonic |
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Definition
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Term
Classify the seizure type under partial or generalized:
tonic-clonic, absence, myoclonic |
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Definition
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Term
which seizure type(s) are characterized by the following functional neuroanatomy:
reverberatory activity between cerebral cortex and thalamic nuclei |
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Definition
Absence
Myoclonic
(both generalized) |
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Term
which seizure type(s) are characterized by the following functional neuroanatomy:
Cortical grey matter |
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Definition
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Term
which seizure type(s) are characterized by the following functional neuroanatomy:
widespread invasion of cerebral cortex and synaptically related structures |
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Definition
| generalized tonic-clonic seizures |
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Term
| A _______ seizure is an epileptic seizure that is limited to one cerebral hemisphere and causes impairment of awareness or responsiveness. |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 mechanisms by which antisizure drugs work |
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Definition
1) inactivate Na channel
2) increase function of GABA-A synapses
3) inhibit voltage-gated T type calcium channels |
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Term
Mechanism of the following antiseizure drugs:
carbamazepine
phenytoin
valproate
Felbamate
Lamotrigine
Topiramate
Zonisamide |
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Definition
inhibit Na channel
(Lamotrigine, Topiramate, zonisamide are new drugs)
(usu for partial seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures) |
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Term
Mechanism of the following antiseizure drugs:
Vigabatrin
Clonazepam, phenobarbital
Tiagabine |
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Definition
In general, these drugs increase function of GABA-A synapses.
Vigabatrin: blocks degradation of GABA-A
Clonazepam, phenobarbital: direct binding of GABA-A receptor
Tiagabine:block reuptake of GABA-A
(Tiagabine is a new drug)
(usu for partial seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures) |
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Term
Mechanism of the following antiseizure drugs:
Ethosuximide
Valproate |
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Definition
Inhibit voltage-gated T-type Ca channels
(these drugs are anti-absence drugs) |
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Term
2 antiseizure drugs of unknown mechanisms are:
1) works on ?Sv2a
2) works on calcium channel subunit (ad) |
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Definition
1) Levetiracetam
2) Gabapentin |
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Term
| These two mechanisms of antiseizure drugs are used for partial seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures |
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Definition
1) sodium channel inactivation
2) enhanced GABA-A function |
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Term
| This mechanism of antiseizure drug is used against absence seizures |
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Definition
| Inhibition of T type calcium channels |
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Term
Old or New antiseizure drug?
Carbamazepine |
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Definition
|
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Term
Old or New antiseizure drug?
Clonazepam |
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Definition
|
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Term
Old or New antiseizure drug?
ethosuximide |
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Definition
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Term
Old or New antiseizure drug?
phenobarbital |
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Definition
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Term
Old or New antiseizure drug?
phenytoin |
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Definition
|
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Term
Old or New antiseizure drug?
valproate |
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Definition
|
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Term
Old or New antiseizure drug?
gabapentin |
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Definition
new
(unknown mechanism- calcium channel subunit ad?) |
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Term
Old or New antiseizure drug?
lamotrigine |
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Definition
new
(effective against Partial, GTCS, Absence) |
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Term
Old or New antiseizure drug?
levetiracetam |
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Definition
new
(unknown mech; Sv2a?)
(against Partial, GTCS) |
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Term
Old or New antiseizure drug?
Tiagabine |
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Definition
New
(against Partial, GTCS) |
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Term
Old or New antiseizure drug?
Topiramate |
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Definition
new
(Against Partial, GTCS) |
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Term
Old or New antiseizure drug?
zonisamide |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Name 11 antiseizure drugs effective against partial seizures |
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Definition
(+ zonisamide!)
1. Carbamazepine
2. Phenobarbital
3. Phenytoin
4. Primidone
5. Valproate
6. Gabapentin
7. Levetiracetam
8. Lamotrigine
9. Tiagabine
10. Topiramate
11. Zonisamide |
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Term
| Name 10 antiseizure drugs against GTCS. |
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Definition
(NOT zonisamide!)
1. Carbamazepine
2. Phenobarbital
3. Phenytoin
4. Primidone
5. Valproate
6. Gabapentin
7. Levetiracetam
8. Lamotrigine
9. Tiagabine
10. Topiramate |
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Term
| Name 3 drugs against Absence seizures. |
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Definition
1. Ethosuximide
2. Valproic Acid
3. Lamotrigine |
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Term
| Name 3 antiseizure drugs against Lennox-Gastaut (childhood onset 2-6yo, assoc w mental retardation) |
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Definition
1. Felbamate
2. Topiramate
3. Lamotrigine |
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Term
| Name an antiseizure drug against infantile spasms |
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Definition
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Term
| Which antiseizure drug is limited by aplastic anemia and hepatotoxicity? |
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Definition
Felbamate
(used against Lennox-Gastaut) |
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Term
| Pragmatics of antiseizure therapy. |
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Definition
Initiate w single drug.
If seizures persist, try second single drug.
If problems w 2 simultaneous drugs, use 1 old drug + 1 new drug (new drugs are all effective against partial seizures and approved as adjunctive therapy)
Select combination w distinct mechs
Teratogenic effects of new drugs unknown but 5% higher than gen population? |
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