Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| phosphorylates without using ATP |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| transfers CO2 groups with the help of biotin |
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Term
| Rate limiting step of Glycolysis |
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Definition
Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)
in cytoplasm, converts fructose-6-P into fructose-1,6,-BP |
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Term
| Rate limiting step of Gluconeogenesis |
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Definition
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
in cytosol, converts fructose-1,6-BP to fructose-6-P |
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Term
| Rate limiting step of TCA cycle |
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Definition
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
in mitochondria, converts isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate |
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Term
| Rate limiting step of Glycogen synthesis |
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Definition
Glycogen synthase (+branching enzyme)
converts UDP-glucose to glycogen |
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Term
| Rate limiting step of HMP shunt (pentose phosphate pathway) |
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Definition
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
in cytoplasm, converts Glucose-6-Pi to CO2, 2 NADPH, and Ribulose-5-Pi |
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Term
| Rate limiting enzyme of De novo pyrimidine synthesis |
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Definition
| Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II |
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Term
| Rate limiting enzyme of De novo purine synthesis |
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Definition
| Glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase |
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Term
| Rate limiting step of Urea cycle |
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Definition
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I
converts CO2 + NH4+ into Carbamoyl phosphate |
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Term
| Rate limiting step of Fatty acid synthesis |
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Definition
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) (+ biotin)
in the cytoplasm, converts Acetyl-CoA to Malonyl-CoA
(occurs after the citrate shuttle across the inner mitochondrial membrane from the mitochondrial matrix) |
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Term
| Rate limiting step of Fatty acid oxidation |
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Definition
Carnitine acyltransferase I
on the outer mitochondrial membrane, converts Acyl-CoA to Acylcarnitine so that it can be shuttled into the mito. matrix via the carnitine shuttle |
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Term
| Rate limiting step of Ketogenesis, where it occurs, and 2 ketones |
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Definition
HMG-CoA synthase (converts Actyl-CoA to Acetoacetyl-CoA to HMG-CoA)
in liver, ketones=acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate |
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