Term
| Monsoons are an example of what? |
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Definition
they are an example of what happens in areas that press belts more
- lots of max shift in our summer and our winter
- far and ITCZ moves south towards trop. of capricorn big diff for weather in asia
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Term
| If one is north of the ITCZ wind will be... |
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Definition
| hot and dry because of the STH |
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Term
| If one is south of the ITCZ the wind will be... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
indicates the quantity of vapor in the atmosphere
it is specified in pressure units (mb)
vp |
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Term
| Saturation Vapor Pressure |
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Definition
indicates quantity (possible) of vapor in atmosphere at saturation
depends on temperature
svp |
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Term
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Definition
when evaporation is equal to condensation
svp = vp
fog |
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Term
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Definition
%
vapor in the air (actual) divided by vapor at saturation (possible)
RH = (vp/svp) x100 |
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Term
as temperature rises, RH
a. rises
b. falls |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
the amount of energy stored or released as a phase changes
this is always the same for any given value
can't be measured as the temperature of the substance (can't be read with a thermometer) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| heat that can be measured via temp |
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Term
| latent heat of fusion for water |
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Definition
80 cal/cc
solid to liquid
ice to water |
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Term
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Definition
temp at which a given air mass reaches saturation
depends only onamount of water in air (vp)
measurable using a psychrometer/psychometric tables |
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Term
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Definition
heating and cooling due to compression and expansion
assumes no heat transfer to surroudings
due to elevation changes (talking about air rising and falling) |
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Term
| if volume ___ with rising altitude |
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Definition
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Term
when gas expands it:
a. heats up
b. cools |
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Definition
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Term
| volume _____ as air loses altitude |
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Definition
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Term
compressing gas:
a. warms
b. cools |
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Definition
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Term
| temperature ____ as RH rises because SVP ____ as temperature falls |
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Definition
temp falls as RH rises because SVP falls as temperature falls
there are different rates at which this happens |
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Term
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Definition
the rate at which still air cools with rising altitude
6.4 |
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Term
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Definition
cooling of rising air due to expanson or warming of falling air due to compression
adiabatic = no heat exchange w/ surrounding ir
dry = no condensation
avg value = 10*C/1000m
works well till RH = 100% |
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Term
what happens when RH = 100%?
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Definition
then we get condensation
latent heat released in air
doesn't cool off as fast |
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Term
| Wet/Saturated/Moist Adiabatic Rate |
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Definition
cooling due to expansion of rising air
wet: air cools enough to reach saturation
RH = 100% wv condenses
condensation releases latent heat, slowing cooling rate
avg value = 6*C/1000m |
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Term
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Definition
Risign air is going to stop if ELR < SAR
doesn't cool off as much/condense no precip |
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Term
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Definition
| rising air won't stop till tropopause if ELR > DAR |
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Term
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Definition
DAR > ELR > SAR (between 10 and 6)
rising air may or may not stop - depends if condensation starts (when tem reaches dew point)
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Term
| Would you ever use SAR for descending air? |
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Definition
| No because as soon as air warms up it isn't saturated anymore |
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Term
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Definition
made up of tiny water droplets and ice crystals
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Term
| low/dark/gloomy clouds are... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| when air cools to the dewpoint condensation is ____ than evaporation |
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Definition
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Term
| cloud formation requires ____ in the atmosphere |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| puffy and globular cloud forms |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| When will a cloud have nimb in its name? |
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Definition
| when it produces precipitation |
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Term
| when will a cloud have alto in its name? |
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Definition
| when it is a mid atmosphere cloud |
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Term
| what kind of cloud is a precursor of a warm front? |
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Definition
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Term
| what kinds of clouds are precursors of a cold front? |
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Definition
cumulonimbus/cumulus
they flatten out b/c they hit the top of the troposphere |
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Term
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Definition
| comes into LP, ITCZ, SPL, extended time frame |
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Term
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Definition
local heating, warm air rises, shorter time frame
* we don't get convergent lifting in boulder |
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Term
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Definition
air pushed pushed up over the mountains, more precip on windward side, warm dry air on leeward
*CO ex: winter park gets more snow than eldora
sometimes wind shifts direction from prerailing westerlies so up slope flow |
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Term
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Definition
faster moving cold air runs into warm air
warm air forces to rise (why?)
cooling, condensation hearing precip
vertically dev. clouds |
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Term
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Definition
faster moving warm air overruns cold air
warm air forced to rise (slowly)
cooling, condensation, widespread clouds, precip |
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Term
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Definition
cold front runs into warm front
warm air lifted above groud
little temp change on groud
disspate quickly, much precip |
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