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Environmental Quality Chemistry
Thing
23
Chemistry
Pre-School
04/13/2011

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Term
Persistent Organic Pollutants
Definition
Toxic organic pollutants that adversely affect human health and the environment around the world.
Term
Stockholm Convention
Definition
U.N. Treaty, 91 countries, reduce/eliminate production/release of 12 p.o.p.'s. 2001.
Term
Why P.O.P.'s are a concern
Definition
Toxicity, persistence, long-range transport, bioaccumulation.
Term
Dr. Kelly's favorite name for a thing that kills shit
Definition
Toxaphene
Term
Bioconcentration
Definition
Increase in conc. of a chemical in an organism compared to that in the ambient medium in which it lives.
Term
Bioconcentration Factor
Definition
Ratio of contaminant in organism to that in ambient medium.
Term
Bioaccumulation
Definition
Process by which an organism takes up and retains a contaminant (rate of intake vs. rate of elimination).
Term
Biomagnification
Definition
A process that results in a chemical becoming increasingly concentrated at successively higher trophic levels.
Term
Adsorption
Definition
Non-polar pollutants cling to surface of sediment and debris.
Term
Octanol Water Partition Coefficient
Definition
Kow = Conc. in octanol / Conc. in water
Term
Uses for Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Definition
Fire preventative/insulator in the manufacture of transformers and capacitors.
Term
First-Order Decay of PCBs
Definition
Ct = C0 x e^(-kt)
Term
Half Life
Definition
t1/2 = 0.693/k
Term
"Dirty Dozen"
Definition
Aldrin, dieldrin, chlordane, DDT, endrin, mirex, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, PCBs, toxaphene, dioxins, furans.
Term
Hexachlorobenzene
Definition
Benzene ring with 6 chlorines.
Term
PCB Structure
Definition
Two phenyl rings with chlorines attached.
Term
DDT Structure
Definition
Ethane (2 C's) one with 3 Cl's attached, 2 phenyl rings attached to other C, 1 Cl on each end, H attached to C.
Term
Organochlorine Pesticides
Definition
Stable, low water solubility, high fat solubility, toxic to target, not humans.
Term
Bioconcentration Factor Equation
Definition
BCF = conc. in organism / conc. in ambient medium
Term
Alternatives to DDT
Definition
Methoxychlor, Toxaphene, Camphene
Term
Camphene
Definition
Naturally produced by pine trees, extracted.
Term
Congeners
Definition
Related chemicals, 209 PCBs.
Term
MCL
Definition
Maximum Contaminant Level
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