Term
In an Enucleation of the Eye, what structures are removed? Why is an Enucleation done?
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Definition
| the conjunctiva, sclera and cornea, choroid, ciliary body, iris, retina, and crystalline lens. Enucleation is done due to extreme damage of the eye meaning vision cannot be restored. |
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Term
| Why must the eye be removed when it has been damaged or there is a malignant neoplasm? |
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Definition
| Removal of the eye allows for retnetion of the shrunken remnants of the eye and eliminates corneal sensitivty. The patient can wear a prosthetic eye that will result in a better cosmetic result. |
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Term
| What special instrumentation and supplies should be readied for an Enucleation? |
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Definition
| cataract knife, loops, headlamp, conformer, plastic or silicone ball, ocular implants, hydroxyapatite implant, and donor sclera. |
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Term
| How is the patient positioned for an Enucleation? |
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Definition
The patient is supine with the arm on the affected side tucked and the other arm extended on an armboard. |
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Term
| What types of anesthesia may be used for an enucleation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is used to retract the eyelid? |
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Definition
| A lid speculum is placed to keep the eye open. |
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Term
| How is the Conjunctiva divided? |
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Definition
| The conjunctiva is divided around the cornea with sharp and blunt dissection. |
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Term
| What do you do if the muscles are to be reattached? |
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Definition
| All the surrounding musscles around the eye are divided and cut. If the musscles are going to be reatached to a donor sclera, the muscles are marked with suture. |
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Term
| What kind of instruments are used to separate the capsule? |
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Definition
| The globe is separated from the Tenon capsule with blunt-pointed curved scissors, retractors, hemostats, and forceps. |
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Term
| How long is the optic nerve clamped before it is transected? How is the eye removed? |
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Definition
| The optic nerve is identified and a large, curved hemostat is passed behind the globe, and the optic nerve is clamped for 60 seconds. The hemostat is removed and the optic nerve is transected before the oblique muscle is also severed and the eye is removed by the stump of the medial rectus muscle. |
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Term
| How do you obtain hemostasis? |
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Definition
The muscle cone is packed with saline-soaked sponges to obtain hemostasis.
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Term
| What is done to ensure the new eye will move with the other eye? |
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Definition
| The muscle cone is filled with a prosthetic sphere implant and the tenon capsule and conjunctiva are closed. They use Hydroxyapatite spheres with donor sclera to reattach the muscles. |
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Term
| What is placed in the cul-de-sac and why? |
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Definition
| A socket conformer is placed into the cul-de-sac to maintain the eye socket. |
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Term
| What kind of dressing is applied and why? |
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Definition
| A pressure dressing is applied to prevent hemmorhage. |
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Term
| What complications can occur? |
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Definition
| Hemmorhage, post-operative SSI |
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