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| leading geologist of his time and his company finished a secret study for the Saudi Arabian government about its oil reserves |
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| wanted to create a new major, Italy’s state-owned AGIP , that would be cast in his own image |
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| needed money in order to turn AGIP into a great enterprise- the discovery of significant natural gas reserves funded AGIP’s expansion in Italy and overseas |
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| The president of ENI and all other operating companies |
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| He was the most visible and powerful man in Italy who promised secure oil supplies |
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| - seized the idea of putting together a Japanese consortium to operate in Middle East |
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| chairman of Indiana had to fly to Tehran for the signing |
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| New democratic government in Venezuela had been overthrown and control passed to the brutal dictatorship of Colonel Marcos Perez Jimenez |
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| Under his regime oil production advanced at a very rapid pace but soon his regime collapse and Venezuela returned to a democracy |
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| The new president, Passionate critic of the international oil companies who turned Venezuela into a petroleum factory that represented a throwback to Gomez dictatorship |
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| Turned to Juan Pablo Perez Alfonzo when it came to oil |
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| emerged as the expert on the oil industry in the Chamber of Deputies and was Minister of Development |
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| Wanted to make sure Venezuela really got 50% of profits and greater control over the industry |
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| Threw into jail and then was exiled from the country and went to Washington |
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| Devoted himself to the study of oil and particularly the Texas Railroad Commission, the agency that had begun regulating oil production in Texas and thus in the nation |
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| Once Betancourt became president, he insisted that Perez Alfonzo return to Venezuela and take up the position of Minister of Mines and Hydrocarbons |
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| He had a car (1950 Singer) that became a shrine and symbol of what he saw as the dangers of oil wealth for a nation- laziness the spirit of not caring |
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| His objectives for Venezuela would be to increase the government’s share of the rents and to effect a transfer to the government and away from the oil companies |
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| Felt like the earnings from oil should be used to develop the country more widely and shouldn’t be wasted |
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| Venezuela was at a disadvantage among the Persian Gulf producers because was a high cost producer- 80 cents per barrel compared to 20 cents for Persian Gulf producers |
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| Venezuela wanted to persuade the Middle Eastern producers to raise their taxes on the companies and thus the cost of their oil |
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| modeled off the Texas Railroad Commission- to protect its market, the country would have to raise costs in the Middle East and get lower cost producers to agree to a system of international prorationing and allocation |
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| Saudi Arabian who went to school at the University of Texas and then took a job as a geologist with Texaco |
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| First American educated Saudi technocrats and first Saudi trained in both geology and chemistry |
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| Came back to Saudi and headed the newly created Directorate of Oil and Mining Affairs |
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| Created a team of experts to challenge not only the basis of the Aramco concession but the Western oil companies themselves |
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| Control over prices and production he thought was much more important than nationalization and integration |
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| Number one man to watch in the Middle East as far as oil concession policies are concerned |
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| correspondent of Petroleum Week and editor of Petroleum Intelligence Weekly |
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| wanted to meet with Abdullah Tariki and other Middle Eastern at the Arab Oil Congress |
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| had just been the matchmaker for an alliance that would develop into the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries- OPEC |
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