What is Absolutism?

What is Divine Right?

1) one person who has complete power

2) ruler given that power from God

1)Took the throne by imprisoning his nephew

2)Increased taxes

3)Punished his enemies without trial

What did powerful nobles do in 1215?

What did this do?

Forced John to sign the Magna Carta/Great Charter

1)Prevented King from collecting taxes w/o Great Council's consent

2)Freemen right to trial by Jury

3)Behavior of Royal officials was controlled

What was the significance of the Magna Carta?

-Step away from Absolute Power towards Representative Government

-Set stage for British Constitutional monarchy

What is Parliament?

Who first called it together?

Representatives from the clergy, nobility, and the townspeople who advise the King how to govern

King Edward I

Houses of Lords- Nobles/Clergy

Houses of Commons- Knights/Townspeople

Step towards represantative government; away from Absolute

Example of checks and balances

-England supported Dutch

-Wanted to Catholicize England

What did James I believe in?

What were his major problems?

1)divine right and absolutism

2)Financial debt and religion

Why didn't James I change the religion of England?

How do some Puritans react to this?

1)Because the way Elizabeth had it, there was no feud over religion

2) Go to America for religious freedom

-Parliament controlled taxes

-should be due process of law

-fair trial

-no quartering of soldiers

-couldn't declare martial law in peacetime

(Issued by Parliament)

Why did Charles I call the "Short Parliament"?

Why is it called the Short Parliament?

1)Fund the war in Scotland (trying to make Scots Anglican)

2) Only for one month since Parliament knew he wouldn't accept the Petition of rights, and they were dissolved.

-Parliament could only dissolve itself

-Meet 3 years minimum

-Ship money abolished

-Laud's execution and leaders in persecution

-Star Chamber crushed

-No Irish revolt funds

What was the Grand Remonstrance?

What did it cause Charles I to do?

1)Parliament presented a 200 article summary against the crown

2) Invade Parliament looking for John Pym

1) Absolute monarchy or Parliamentary government

2)Anglican practice or Presbyterian system

1) Royalists/Cavaliers

2) Clergy/supporters of Ang. church, nobility, Irish Catholics

What was Parliament's side called in the Civil War?

What were the 2 key developments for them?

1)Roundheads

2)Alliance with Scots and General Oliver Cromwell

Who takes over after Charles I?

What is the first thing he does?

1) Oliver Cromwell

2) Republican form of government centered on Puritanism

-Rules England with absolute power 

-denies religious freedom to Anglicans and Catholics

-no theater, sporting events, dancing

1)They passed a law denying royal succession to Catholics

2)Tries to impose Anglicanism on Scotland, again killing many.

Who took over the throne after Charles II?

What was his goal?

James II

Make England Catholic

Who was James II's oldest daugher?

Who was she married to?

Was she Catholic or Protestant?

1)Mary

2)William of ORANGE

3)Protestant

1)The Petition of Right

2)Habeas Corpus Act

3)Bill of Rights

What did the Act of Settlement in 1701 say?

Beacuse of this, who got the throne?

1)English corwn would go to Protestant house of Hanover if Queen Anne had no children

2) George I

Who conducted business in the country in the house of Commons?

Who was the leader of the government?

Who was the first leader of the government?

1)Leading ministers

2)Prime Minister

3)Robert Walpole

Why did England often have monarchs who didn't speak English well?

Who was in more power, King or Parliament?

1) Preferred Protestant king rather than non Protestant

2) Parliament

What was the Act of Union 1707?

Why did this happen?

1) Union of England and Scotland

2) Scotland was afraid of Stuart familiy taking of Scottish throne since she was Catholic, but England won't let that happen.