loss of electrons

OIL 

gain of electrons

RIG

NAD+ -> NADH (stages 1-3) catalyzed by dehydrogenase

NADH -> NAD+ (stage 4)

collection of molecules embedded in the inner membrane of the mitchondrion

electrons passed from NADH to O

electrons move from high energy to low energy through redox reactions

enzyme transfers phosphate from a substrate molecule to ADP -> ATP

Enzyme? Kinase

Energy Source? Substrate + P

When? Glycolysis and Citric Acid Cycle

enzyme adds P to ADP -> ATP, makes most ATP

Enzyme: ATP synthase

Energy source? protons diffusing down their gradient

When? Oxidative phosphorylation

1st stage of aerobic cellular respiration

Location: cytosol

Inputs: 1 glucose (6C), 4 ADP, 2 NAD+, 2 ATP

Outputs: 2 pyruvate (3C), 2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 ADP

2nd stage of aerobic cellular respiration

Location: mitochondrial matrix

Inputs: 2 pyruvate (3C), 2 CoA, 2 NAD+

Outputs: 2 Acetyl CoA, 2 CO₂, 2 NADH

3rd stage of aerobic cellular respiration

Location: mitochondrial matrix

Inputs: 2 Acetyl CoA, 6 NAD+, 2 FAD, 2ADP

Outputs: 4 CO₂, 2 CoA, 6 NADH, 2 FADH, 2 ATP

4th stage of aerobic cellular respiration

Location: inner mitochondrial membrane

Inputs: 10 NADH, 2 FADH₂, O₂, 28 ADP

Outputs: 10 NAD+, 2 FAD, H₂O, 28 ATP

Glycolysis: 2 ATP

Citric Acid Cycle: 2 ATP

Oxidative Phosphorylation: 28 ATP

anaerobic energy harvesting

2 stages: glycolysis, NAD+ regeneration

oxidize NADH made in glycolysis by reducing pyruvate/derivative

necessary for glycolysis to continue