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Details Title: Endocrinology Description: metabolism Total Flash Cards: 22 Created: 12/13/2007 18:43:35	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term What is #1 priority for endocrine system? Definition maintain plasma glucose at 100 mg% Term What is mg % Definition milligrams of whatever per 100 milliliters of blood Term What is polyuria? Definition kidney glucose> or = 250 mg% Term What is polydipsia Definition excess drinking Term what is pollyphagia? Definition Excess eating Term What do these things have in common? Definition all symptoms of elevated blood glucose levels caused by osmotic problems, cell dehydration and hyperosmolarity Term what happens when glucose levels are low for an extended period of time? Definition death of neural, red blood, renal medulla cells Term what is the difference between anabolic and catabolic Definition anabolic=builds tissue up Catabolic=uses it up or tears it down Term the ratio of insulin and glucogon does what? Definition regulates metabolic processes Term What is glycogen? Definition It is the polysacheride of glucose. it functions as short term storage for glucose Term What is glycogenolysis and which hormones stimulate ut? Definition Glycogenolysis is the catabolism of glycogen by removal of a glucose monomer through cleavage with inorganic phosphate to produce glucose-1-phosphate. This derivative of glucose is then converted to glucose-6-phosphate, an intermediate in glycolysis. The hormones glucagon and epinephrine stimulate glycogenolysis.   from wikipedia Term Definition Term lypolisys Definition http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipolysis Term what is gluconeogenesis? Definition Gluconeogenesis is the generation of glucose from non-sugar carbon substrates like pyruvate, lactate, glycerol, and glucogenic amino acids.   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluconeogenesis Term What is the liver's role in metabolism? Definition 1) stores 1/3 of the body's glycogen 20 Primary site of gluconeogenesis 3) Primary site of FFA syntheis Term What is Adipose tissue's main contributions to metabolism? Definition Primary site of lipid/trigliceride storage 15% body weight Lypolisys Term what is the composition of triglycerides in circulation? Definition free fatty acids and glycerol are bound to albumin which is taken up by cells as a nutrient. Term What does LPL stand for and what does it do? Definition Lipoprotien lipase, it's an enzyme that cleaves off FFA's from TG and vLDLs Term what is a chylomicron? Definition Chylomicrons are large lipoprotein particles (having a diameter of 75 to 1,200nm) that are created by the absorptive cells of the small intestine.The chylomicrons are released by exocytosis from enterocytes into lacteals, lymphatic vessels originating in the villi of the small intestine, and are then secreted into the bloodstream at the thoracic duct's connection with the left subclavian vein. Chylomicrons transport exogenous lipids to liver, adipose, cardiac and skeletal muscle tissue where they are broken down by lipoprotein lipase into very low density lipoproteins (VLDLs).   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chylomicron Term What is Muscle's role in energy use? Definition stores 2/3 of glycogen 50% of body mass very variable with use oxydizes FFA ( for atp generation) uses 50% neutral amino acids to produce ATP Term Definition Term Definition