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| A generalization is a broad statement based on many examples. A generalization must be supported by facts to be valid. |
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| When you make an inference, you make a logical assumption about something not directly stated. For example: Annie ran to the mailbox to see if Jim’s letter had finally arrived.—You can infer from the word finally that Annie has been waiting to hear from Jim. Also you can infer from ran that she is eager to get the letter. |
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| A prediction is a logical guess about what will happen next in a story. You can use your prior knowledge to help you make predictions |
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| A fact is information that can be proved. |
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| An opinion is a person’s judgment or belief. |
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| The mood is the feeling created in the reader by a literary work or passage |
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| An author’s perspective is the way he or she sees things, his or her point of view. |
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An author’s purpose is his or her main reason for writing. For example, an author may want to entertain, inform, or persuade the reader. Sometimes an author is trying to teach a moral lesson or reflect on an experience. An author may have more than one purpose for writing.
* Facts and statistics are mostly used to inform or persuade
* Opinions are sometimes used to persuade
* Stories about experiences are mostly used to entertain |
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| A division or type of literature |
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| A fantasy is highly imaginative writing that contains elements not found in real life. Examples of fantasy include stories that involve supernatural elements, stories that resemble fairy tales, stories that deal with imaginary places and creatures, and science-fiction stories. |
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| Nonfiction is prose writing that presents and explains ideas or that tells about real people, places, objects, or events. Autobiographies, biographies, essays, reports, letters, memos, and newspaper articles are all types of nonfiction. |
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| Plot is the sequence of events in which each event results from a previous one and causes the next. The plot usually begins with an exposition that introduces the setting, the characters, and the basic situation. The conflict then increases during the development until it reaches a high point of interest or suspense, the climax. The climax is followed by the falling action, or end, of the central conflict. Any events that occur during the falling action make up the resolution |
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| A summary is a brief statement that presents the main ideas of a longer piece of writing. Include only the main events or ideas and a summary is written in chronological order. |
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| A conflict is a struggle between opposing forces. Conflict is one of the most important elements of stories, novels, and plays because it causes the action. There are two kinds of conflict: external and internal. |
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| An external conflict is one in which a character struggles against some outside force, such as another person. Another kinds of external conflict may occur between a character and some force in nature. |
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| An internal conflict takes place within the mind of a character. The character struggles to make a decision, take an action, or overcome a feeling. |
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| The theme is a central message, concern, or purpose in a literary work. A theme can usually be expressed as a generalization, or a general statement, about human beings or about life. The theme of a work is not a summary of its plot. The theme is the writer’s central idea. |
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