Term
|
Definition
| is the body's ability to move air in and out of the chest and lung tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the exchange of gases in the alveoli of the lung tissue |
|
|
Term
| In an individual who is lying down or who just completed exhalation |
|
Definition
| the diaphragm may rise as high as the nipple line |
|
|
Term
| how may lobes does the right lung have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many lobes does the left lung have |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a thin membrane that covers each of the lungs and the lung cavities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the lining covering the lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
intercostal muscles between the ribs contract, elevating the rib cage at the same time the diaphragm contracts and pushes the content of the abdomen down the pressure inside the chest decreases and air enters the lung through the nose and mouth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax the tissues move back to their normal positions, allowing air to be exhaled |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
nerves supplying the diaphragm exit the spinal at C3, C4, and C5 if injured below C5-lose the power to to move intercostal muscles but the daiphragm will still contract, but they are still able to breathe if injured above C3- can lose their ability to breathe |
|
|
Term
| two basic types of chest injuries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| injury in which the skin is not broken, usually caused by blunt trauma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the chest wall itself is penetrated by some object |
|
|
Term
| almost 1/3 of people who are killed immediately in car crashes die as a result of? |
|
Definition
| traumatic rupture of the aorta |
|
|
Term
signs and symptoms of chest injuries |
|
Definition
| bruising to the chest wall, crepitus with palpation, dyspnea (difficulty breathing), hemoptysis (coughing up blood), failure of one or both sides of the chest to expand normally with inspiration, rapid weak pulse, low blood pressure, cyanosis around the lips and fingernails |
|
|
Term
| pleuritic pain or pleurisy |
|
Definition
| a sharp or sticking pain caused by the normally smooth surfaces sliding on one another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
spitting or coughing up blood. indicates the lung itself or air passages have been damaged |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| accumulation of air in the pleural space (commonly called a collapsed lung) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an open or penetrating chest wall wound through which air passes during inspiration or expiration creating a sucking chest sound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
initial emergency medical care for pneumothorax a dressing made of vaseline gauze, alluminum foil, or plastic that prevents air and liquids from entering and exiting a wound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
initial emergecny medical care for pneumothorax one way valve that allows air to leave the chest cavity but does not return. formed by taping 3 sides of an occlusive dressing to the chest wall, leaving the fourth side open as a valve. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a pneumothorax that occurs when a weak area of the lung ruptures in absense of major injury, allowing air to leak into the pleural splace. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an accumulation of air or gasses in the pleural cavity that progressively increases the pressure in the chest with potentially fatal results. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a collection of blood in the pleural cavity signs and symptoms are shock, decrease breath sounds, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the presence of air and blood in the pleaural space. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| may lacerate the surface of the lung causing pneumothorax, tension pneumothorax, hemothorax, or hemopneumothorax, crepitus, or subcutaneous emphysema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a condition in which three or more ribs are fractured in two or more places or in association with a fracture of the sternum so that a segment of the chest wall is effectively detached from the rest of the thoracic cage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the motion of the portion of the chest wall that is detached in a flailed chest; the motion- in during inhalation, out during exhalation- is exactly the opposite of normal chest wall motion during breathing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a bruised lung the pulmonary alveoli become filled with blood and fluid accumulates in the injured area leaving the patient hypoxic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the sudden increase in intrathoracic pressure resulting in distended neck veins, cyanosis in the face and neck, a hemorrhage into the sclera of the eye signaling the bursting of small blood vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bruising of the heart muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
compression of the heart due a build up of blood or other other fluid in the pericardial sac. the blood accumulates compressing the heart until it can no longer function until the patient goes into cardiac arrest. relatively uncommon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the fibrous sac that surrounds the heart |
|
|
Term
| laceration of the great vessels |
|
Definition
any laceration to the superior or inferior vena cavas, pulmonary arteries, 4 main pulmonary veins, aorta, or any major branches would result in massive rapidly fatal hemorrage treatments include CPR, ventilatory support, supplemental O2, immediate transport |
|
|
