Term
| Direct current (DC) can cause ___ immediately to heart |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Adult:
-Torso Front/Back & legs: 18% each
-Head & arms: 9%
-Genitalia & palms: 1% each |
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Term
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Definition
Estimating Surface Area with Rule of 9's - Children
-Head, torso front/back: 18% each
-Legs: 14% each
-Arms: 9% each
-Neck: 4% |
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Term
| Eye complication from electrcial burn |
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Definition
| Cataracts. Also, retinal detachment, corneal burn |
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Term
| Electrical shock categories |
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Definition
Conduction - cardiac (V-Fib- MCC death), neuro
Thermal - muscle injury-rhamdomyolisis-ARF
Blunt - Fx & dislocations |
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Term
| Risk factors for heat stroke |
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Definition
Extreme of age
Cardiac Dz
Anticholinergics (impraired sweating) |
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Term
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Definition
| Mediated by aldosterone, adaptation to warmer, more humid envirnment by ↑sweat, ↓ [Na] in sweat & urine. Takes 1-2 wks, preserves fluid volume, prevents heat illness |
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Term
| MC entrance & exit of electrical injuries |
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Definition
| Entrance: hand, head; Exit: head |
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Term
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Definition
| α hemolytic strep, staph, pasteurella, Capnocytophaga canimorsus: potentially life-threat infxn in immuno or asplenic pt |
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Term
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Definition
| URI (HA, fvr, malaise, sore throat, anorexia, N/V, dry cough) -> Excitement phase (thought disturbances w/lucid intervals, agitation, confusion, hallucination, salivation, tearing, sweating, pupils irregular & dilated,vocal cords paralysis, ↑DTR, bilat babinski) ->Brainstem dysfunction (palsies, hydrphobia, coma, resp depre, apnea, death)) |
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Term
| 60% hearing loss in humans from |
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Definition
| •Radiation 60% •Evap 25% •CMV 10% •Conduct 5% |
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Term
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Definition
| •Hyperventilation (resp alk) •Paresthesias (carpopedal spasm) •↓Ca •Tx: IV/PO fluids elytes, bag breath rebreath |
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Term
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Definition
| •Na, H2O depletion - hypovolemia -> ↓perfusion w/normal mental status •Extreme fatigue •↑RR, HR, ↓BP •Temp norm or slight ↑ ❑ Tx: rest, cool, rapid IV NSS |
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Term
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Definition
| ❑ LR 2-4 ml/kg/% BSA/24 , to be administered : 1/2 over 1st 8 hrs, 2nd 1/2 over rest 16 hrs |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| MCC of altitude-related deaths |
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Definition
| HAPE: High altitude pulmonary edema: 2-4 days after arrival, dyspnea at rest, tachy ❑ Tx: descent, hyperbaric, nifedipine. NO STEROID!; HACE-yes steroids |
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Term
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Definition
| •Removal of nematocyst •Wash sea water •Remove tenticle w gloves & foreceps •Vinegar & isopropyl alcohol x 30 min •Talcum powder or shaving cream to scrape/shave off •Steroid cream |
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Term
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Definition
| •↓pH, ↑O2, ↑CO2 -> do not tx this •Rewarm pt to correct ABGs' |
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Term
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Definition
| •2nd MC tick borne ill. •Dermacentor tick, rickettsia tickettsi, spring-summer seasons •Fever 100% •Tick bite hx 70% •HA 80-90% •Rash 85-95% - flexor surfaces of wrist & ankles, spread to palms & soles, centripetally ❑ DOC: doxy, tetra |
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Term
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Definition
| Coral snake - elapidae family |
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Term
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Definition
| Curare-like effects •Early AMS +CN dysfxn; resp arrest 2ry to paralysis |
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Term
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Definition
| ❑ Skin test neg: equine antivenum 3-5 vials ❑Skin test pos: intubate + support |
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Term
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Definition
| Lyme's - Borrelia Burgdoferi (Ixodes tick) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Tx for crotalidae (pit vipers) envenomation |
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Definition
| ❑Antivenum if skin test (-) 10-20 vials until Sx stops ❑ If skin test neg: weight risks vs/ benefits |
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Term
| Volume resuscitation in cold-hypothermia |
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Definition
| NS only (RL is poorly metab in cold liver) + as usual warm up to 38-39° |
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Term
| HACE (↑altitude cerebral edema) |
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Definition
| Permanent neuro injury or death, cofussion, ataxia, hallucinations, coma |
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Term
| Tx for HACE (↑altitude cerebral edema) |
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Definition
| O2, head elevation,descent, dexamethasone, hyperbaric O2 |
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Term
| Characteristics of necator americanus (hookworm) |
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Definition
| •Larvae penetrates skin->bloodstream ->trachea->esophagus->int. wall = intermittant dirrhea, epig discomfort, low grade fvr, cough, rash, wt loss, hypochromic microcytic anemia, ova in stools •Warmer climates |
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Term
| Dx test in necator americanus (hookworm) |
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Definition
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Term
| DOC necator americanus (hookworm) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| •Child bites electrical cord •Labial artery hemorrhage •3-14 days 2nd eschar separating •10-15% occurrence |
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Term
| Oral commissure burn complication? |
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Definition
| Delayed labial artery bleed on day #5 |
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Term
| Ciguatera characteristics |
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Definition
| •MC nonbacterial fish-assoc. food pois in USA •Ciagua toxin: heat stable neurotoxin •Grouper, snaper, baracuda, king fish |
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Term
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Definition
| Pathognomonic: Reversal heat/cold; N/V/D, myalgia, weakness, paresthesia, burning sensation honds/feet, exacerbated by EtOH |
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Term
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Definition
| Supportive, mannitol, abstinence from EtOH |
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