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Ellis- Scientific Root Words
Root words and word parts
64
Biology
10th Grade
09/13/2012
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Term
a-
anti-
an-
example: asexual, antibacterial, anaerobic
 Definition
not/without
Term
ambi-

example: ambidextrous
 Definition
both
Term
photo-

example: photosynthesis
 Definition
light
Term
hetero-

example: heterotroph
 Definition
different/other
Term
auto-

example: autotroph
 Definition
self
Term
-troph

example: heterotroph/autotroph
 Definition
nourishment/ one who feeds
Term
pro-

example: prokaryote
 Definition
before/forward
Term
-kary-

(root): example: eukaryote/prokaryote
 Definition
cell nucleus
Term
cyto-

example: cytoplasm
 Definition
cell
Term
-plasm

example: cytoplasm
 Definition
form/formed
Term
eu-

example: eukaryote
 Definition
true/normal/good
Term
-ism

example: organism
 Definition
state or condition
Term
multi-

example: multicellular
 Definition
many/multiple
Term
uni-

example: unicellular
 Definition
one/singular
Term
ab-

example: abduct
 Definition
take away from
Term
ad-

example: adduct; addition
 Definition
to add to
Term
aqua-

example: aquamarine, aqueduct
 Definition
pertaining to water
Term
auto-

example: automatic
 Definition
self
Term
bi/ di-

example: bipolar, bicycle, dipole
 Definition
two
Term
bio-

example: biosphere, biology
 Definition
life
Term
chroma (khroma)-

example: chromosome, chromatin
 Definition
colored
Term
calor-

example: calorie, caloric
 Definition
heat
Term
cardia-

example: cardiac, cardiovascular
 Definition
heart
Term
carn-

example: carnivore
 Definition
meat/flesh
Term
cephal-

example: cephalopod, encephalitis
 Definition
head
Term
chemo-

example: chemotherapy, chemistry
 Definition
chemical
Term
-cidal

example: homocidal
 Definition
kill/death
Term
con-

example: congruent, concurrent, convex
 Definition
together/with
Term
cyto-

example: cytoplasm, cytokinesis, cytoskeleton
 Definition
cell
Term
-derm

example: epidermis, dermatologist
 Definition
skin
Term
di/de-

example: deface, detract, deactivate
 Definition
undo/not
Term
dys- or dis-

example: dysfunction, dyslexia
 Definition
bad/painful/disordered
Term
endo-

example: endoderm, endotherm
 Definition
inner/inside/within
Term
epi-

example: epinepherine, epidermis
 Definition
on, upon, outer
Term
eu-

example: eukaryote
 Definition
true/good
Term
-fract-

example: refract, fraction
 Definition
breaking apart
Term
geo-

example: geology, geometry
 Definition
earth
Term
sacch-

example: polysaccharide, saccharin
 Definition
sugar
Term
herb-

example: herbivore, herbaceous
 Definition
plants
Term
hetero-

example: heterotroph
 Definition
different/others
Term
homo-

example: homogenous, homogenize
 Definition
same
Term
hydro/hydra

example: hydrophobic, hydrophilic
 Definition
water
Term
hyper-

example: hypertonic, hyperactive
 Definition
above normal/excessive
Term
hypo-

example: hypodermic, hypothermic
 Definition
below normal
Term
inter-

example: internet, interstitial fluid
 Definition
between things
Term
intra-

example: intranet, intramural
 Definition
among things (within a group)
Term
kary-

example: eukaryote, prokaryote
 Definition
kernel/nut/nucleus
Term
-ped/-pod
 Definition
foot/feet
Term
-ology
 Definition
study of
Term
meta-
 Definition
about (itself)
Term
chrono-
 Definition
time
Term
-graph
 Definition
to write
Term
-fract-
 Definition
to break
Term
libra-
 Definition
free
Term
-meter
 Definition
to measure
Term
membra-
 Definition
covering
Term
meso-
 Definition
middle
Term
macro-
 Definition
large
Term
-isis/sis
 Definition
process/condition
Term
lys-
 Definition
to break down
Term
-lipid/-lipo
 Definition
fat
Term
micro-
 Definition
small/tiny
Term
mono-
 Definition
one/singular
Term
-chondria
 Definition
cartilage
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