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Electrolyte; water balance
na
13
Biology
Undergraduate 2
01/23/2009

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Term
Total Body Water
Definition
Adult Body contains approx 40 liters of water at any given time.
Term
Insensible water loss.
Definition
Water Output through the skin (600 ML) and Lungs (300 ML) is refeerred to insensible water loss; we are not aware of it.
Term
Hypervolemia
Definition
occurs when too much water and solutes are taken at the same time. although extracellular fluid volume increases, plasma osmolarity may remain the same.
Term
Overhydration
Definition
occurs when too much water is taken in without solute.  volume increases, but because solute is not present, plasma osmolarity decreases.
Term
Hypovolemia
Definition
Occurs when water and solute are lost at the same time. This condition primarily involves a loss of plasma volume. Plasma osmolarty usually remains normal even though volume is low.
Term
Dehydration.
Definition
When water, but not solute is lost dehydration occurs. Dehydration involves a loss of volume but because solute is not lost in the same proportion, plasma osmolarity increases.
Term
ADH
Definition

posterior pituitary hormone that regulates water reabsoption in the kidneys.  also called vasopressin.

Term
thirst mechanism
Definition

the means by which water intake is stimulated.

 

the thirst center in the hypothlamus is stimulated by an increase in the osmolarity of extracellular fluid or by a large decrease in plasma volume which prompts an individual to ingest fluids.

Term
Aldosterone
Definition
hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex which promotes soium reabsoption and potassium secretion by the kidney.
Term
Sympathetic Nervous System
Definition
The division of the auatomoic nervous system that activates the body to cope with some stressor ; the firght or flight subdivision, increaes rate and force of the heartbeat.
Term
Hypovolemia
Definition

Deficit of fluid volume acompanied by normal osmolarity in all fluid spaces.

Term
Renin
Definition

the enzyme release by the granular cells that converts angiotensiogen into angiotensin I Part of the renin-antiotensin mechanism. which increses blood pressure.

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